caa a22 4500 378861786 CHVBK 20180305123348.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161128e20030101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1351/pac200375112069 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)gruyter-10.1351/pac200375112069 Modification of endocrine active potential by mixtures [Elektronische Daten] [Kevin Gaido, Li You, S. Safe] Wildlife and humans are exposed to a complex mixture of endocrine active chemicals. The activity of a specific chemical in any mixture can be modified through interactions with other components of the mixture. The toxic equivalency factor (TEF) approach for risk assessment was developed for chemicals such as halogenated aromatics that induce their effects through ligand-activated receptors. For persistent halogenated aromatic AhR agonists, this approach has some utility. However, the use of the TEF approach for endocrine active compounds is confounded by the unique tissue- and response-specific activities of these structurally diverse compounds. The term selective receptor modulator describes the ability of a natural or synthetic receptor ligand to manifest agonist activity in one tissue or for one response and antagonist activity in other tissues or for another response in the same tissue. Thus, it is possible for chemicals in a mixture to behave in an additive manner for one response and an antagonist manner for another response. A mechanisms-based hazard risk assessment of endocrine active chemical mixtures must account for these multiple variables. © 2013 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Gaido Kevin CIIT Centers for Health Research, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA aut You Li CIIT Centers for Health Research, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA aut Safe S. CIIT Centers for Health Research, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA aut Pure and Applied Chemistry De Gruyter 75/11-12(2003-01-01), 2069-2079 0033-4545 75:11-12<2069 2003 75 pac https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112069 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112069 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gaido Kevin CIIT Centers for Health Research, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- You Li CIIT Centers for Health Research, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Safe S. CIIT Centers for Health Research, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Pure and Applied Chemistry De Gruyter 75/11-12(2003-01-01), 2069-2079 0033-4545 75:11-12<2069 2003 75 pac CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-gruyter