caa a22 4500 378869558 CHVBK 20180305123406.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161128e20030127xx s 000 0 eng 10.1515/CCLM.2003.008 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)gruyter-10.1515/CCLM.2003.008 Effects of Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Oxideand Sodium Citrate Bicarbonate HealthSupplements on the Urinary Risk Factors forKidney Stone Formation [Elektronische Daten] [Shameez Allie, Allen Rodgers] We describe a model to illustrate different chemical interactions that can occur in urine following ingestion of individual and combined health supplements. Two types of interactions are defined: synergism and addition. The model was applied to eight healthy males who participated in a study to investigate the chemical interactions between calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide and sodium citrate-bicarbonate health supplements on calcium oxalate urinary stone risk factors. Subjects ingested these components individually and in combination for 7 days. Twenty-four-hour urines were collected at baseline and during the final day of supplementation. These were analysed using standard laboratory techniques. Three different chemical interactions, all involving citrate, were identified: magnesium and citrate exerted a synergistic effect on lowering the relative superaturation (RS) of brushite; the same two components produced a synergistic effect on raising pH; finally, calcium and citrate exerted an additive effect on lowering the RS of uric acid. We propose that the novel approach described in this paper allows for the evaluation of individual, additive and synergistic interactions in the assessment of the efficacy of stone-risk reducing preparations. Copyright © 2003 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG Medical equipment & techniques nationallicence Medical diagnosis nationallicence Diseases & disorders nationallicence Allie Shameez aut Rodgers Allen aut Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Walter de Gruyter 41/1(2003-01-27), 39-45 1434-6621 41:1<39 2003 41 cclm https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2003.008 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2003.008 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Allie Shameez aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rodgers Allen aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Walter de Gruyter 41/1(2003-01-27), 39-45 1434-6621 41:1<39 2003 41 cclm CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-gruyter