Automatic Control of the Extra-Corporal Bypass: System Analysis, Modelling and Evaluation of Different Control Modes
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| 024 | 7 | 0 | |a 10.1515/BMT.2004.059 |2 doi |
| 035 | |a (NATIONALLICENCE)gruyter-10.1515/BMT.2004.059 | ||
| 245 | 0 | 0 | |a Automatic Control of the Extra-Corporal Bypass: System Analysis, Modelling and Evaluation of Different Control Modes |h [Elektronische Daten] |c Automatische Regelung der extrakorporalen Zirkulation: Analyse, Modelbildung und Evaluation von Regelstrategien / [M Hexamer, B Misgeld, A Prenger-Berninghoff, U Schütt, H.J Knobl, R Körfer, J Werner] |
| 520 | 3 | |a Automatic control of the blood gas parameters during extracorporeal circulation has the potential to improve the quality of this procedure and to relieve the personnel from a time consuming task. This paper describes a model of the underlying system for a standard clinical setup and pinpoints the major difficulties which are the variations of the process gains and the blood- and gas-flow dependent dead times and time constants. Scheduled PI-controllers both for the arterial oxygen as well as for the carbon dioxide partial pressure were designed. Scheduling was based on the blood flow rate. These controllers were tested in a simulation environment. The control systems remained stable under all tested operating condition, but if the blood flow rate was changed abruptly rather large load errors occurred. The performance was improved markedly by adding a feed-forward control path which directly influences the actuating signals based on the actual blood flow rate and the hemoglobin contents, variables which are measured anyway. The major conclusion of this study is to use such direct feed-forward compensation even if more sophisticated control algorithms are used. Die automatische Blutgasregelung beim Einsatz einer Herz-Lungen Maschine hat das Potential, die Qualität dieser Prozedur zu verbessern und zusätzlich das damit betraute Personal von einer zeitaufwendigen Aufgabe zu entlasten. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein an dem klinischen Umfeld orientiertes, regelungstechnisches Modell des zugrunde liegenden Systems und zeigt die hauptsächlichen Schwierigkeiten auf. Es sind dies die starke Variation der Prozessverstärkungen und die blut- und gasflussabhängigen Zeitkonstanten und Totzeiten. Zur Regelung der arteriellen Sauerstoff- und Kohlendioxidpartialdrücke wurden PI-Regler mit gesteuerter Adaption entworfen. Die Adaption basierte auf dem aktuellen Blutfluss. Die Regelsysteme wurden in einer Simulationsumgebung getestet. Sie waren in allen getesteten Arbeitspunkten stabil, allerdings traten relativ große Regelabweichungen nach abrupten Blutflussänderungen auf. Die Regelgüte wurde durch die Erweiterung um eine direkte Störgrößenkompensation erheblich gesteigert. Diese Kompensation basierte auf dem aktuellen Blutfluss und Hämoglobingehalt, also Variablen, die ohnehin gemessen werden. Die wesentliche Schlussfolgerung dieser Studie ist, in jedem Fall eine vergleichbare direkte Störgrößenkompensation, auch bei anderen Regelungsverfahren, einzusetzen. | |
| 540 | |a © Walter de Gruyter | ||
| 690 | 7 | |a extra-corporeal circulation |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a cardiopulmonary bypass |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a automatic blood gas control |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a extra-korporale Zirkulation |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a Herz-Lungen-Maschine |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a automatische Blutgasregelung |2 nationallicence | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hexamer |D M. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Misgeld |D B. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Prenger-Berninghoff |D A. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Schütt |D U. |u Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Knobl |D H.J. |u Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Körfer |D R. |u Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Werner |D J. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering |d Walter de Gruyter |g 49/11(2004-11-01), 316-321 |x 0013-5585 |q 49:11<316 |1 2004 |2 49 |o bmte | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1515/BMT.2004.059 |q text/html |z Onlinezugriff via DOI |
| 908 | |D 1 |a research article |2 jats | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 856 |E 40 |u https://doi.org/10.1515/BMT.2004.059 |q text/html |z Onlinezugriff via DOI | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Hexamer |D M. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Misgeld |D B. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Prenger-Berninghoff |D A. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Schütt |D U. |u Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Knobl |D H.J. |u Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Körfer |D R. |u Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Bad Oeynhausen, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Werner |D J. |u Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, and University Center of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 773 |E 0- |t Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering |d Walter de Gruyter |g 49/11(2004-11-01), 316-321 |x 0013-5585 |q 49:11<316 |1 2004 |2 49 |o bmte | ||
| 900 | 7 | |b CC0 |u http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 |2 nationallicence | |
| 898 | |a BK010053 |b XK010053 |c XK010000 | ||
| 949 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |F NATIONALLICENCE |b NL-gruyter | ||