caa a22 4500 37892480X CHVBK 20180305123614.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161128e20041008xx s 000 0 eng 10.2202/1538-0637.1288 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)gruyter-10.2202/1538-0637.1288 Testing for Pollution Havens Inside and Outside of Regional Trading Blocs [Elektronische Daten] [Matthew E Kahn, Yutaka Yoshino] This paper examines the composition of bilateral manufacturing trade in terms of its pollution intensity. A growing share of world trade takes place between nations who are members of the same regional trade agreement (RTA). We analyze how the formation of RTAs affects the composition of trade. We focus on whether richer or poorer nations specialize in exporting dirty goods. Using bilateral trade data over the years 1980 to 1997 for 128 nations for 34 manufacturing industries, we document that low-, middle-, and high-income nations differ with respect to their income elasticity in exporting dirty goods. Outside of RTA blocs, we find general support for the pollution haven hypothesis. As a nation’s income rises, its exports of dirty goods decrease relative to its exports of clean goods. When we compare, low-income, middle-income and high-income nations, we find that middle-income nations have the largest dirty trade income elasticity. Participation in a RTA slightly weakens the pollution haven effect observed outside of regional trading blocs. We also document cross-RTA heterogeneity in the composition of trade across 13 major RTAs in our sample. ©2011 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston trade nationallicence pollution havens nationallicence regional trading blocs nationallicence Kahn Matthew E. Tufts University, mkahn@ioe.ucla.edu aut Yoshino Yutaka University of Virginia, yyoshino@worldbank.org aut Advances in Economic Analysis & Policy De Gruyter 3/2(2004-10-08) 3:2 2004 3 bejeap https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0637.1288 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0637.1288 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kahn Matthew E. Tufts University, mkahn@ioe.ucla.edu aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yoshino Yutaka University of Virginia, yyoshino@worldbank.org aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Advances in Economic Analysis & Policy De Gruyter 3/2(2004-10-08) 3:2 2004 3 bejeap CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-gruyter