caa a22 4500 378938002 CHVBK 20180305123645.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161128e20040709xx s 000 0 eng 10.1515/JPM.2004.055 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)gruyter-10.1515/JPM.2004.055 Plagemann A. ‘Fetal programming' and ‘functional teratogenesis': on epigenetic mechanisms and prevention of perinatally acquired lasting health risks [Elektronische Daten] [A. Plagemann] Alterations of the intrauterine and early postnatal nutritional, metabolic, and hormonal environment may cause predispositions to the development of disorders and diseases in later life. Mechanisms responsible for this perinatally acquired ‘malprogramming' still remain unclear. It has long been known, however, that hormones are environment-dependent organizers of the developing ‘neuroendocrine-immune network', which regulates all fundamental processes of life. When present in nonphysiological concentrations during critical ontogenetic periods, hormones can therefore also act as ‘endogenous functional teratogens'. Fetal and neonatal hyperinsulinism is a pathognomic feature in the offspring of diabetic mothers. Perinatal hyperinsulinism also occurs due to early postnatal overfeeding. Data obtained by our group indicate that elevated insulin concentrations during critical periods of perinatal life may induce a lasting ‘malprogramming' of neuroendocrine systems regulating body weight, food intake, and metabolism. Similar characteristics may occur due to perinatal hyperleptinism, hypercortisolism etc. Since mechanisms of early ‘programming' of obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome X are unclear, a complex ‘neuroendocrine malprogramming' of the regulation of body weight and metabolism may provide a general etiopathogenetic concept in this context, exemplarily revealing critical new implications for chances and challenges of perinatal preventive medicine in the future. Copyright © 2004 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG Human reproduction, growth & development nationallicence Gynaecology & obstetrics nationallicence Paediatric medicine nationallicence Journal of Perinatal Medicine Walter de Gruyter 32/4(2004-07-09), 297-305 0300-5577 32:4<297 2004 32 jpme https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.2004.055 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.2004.055 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Plagemann A. NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Perinatal Medicine Walter de Gruyter 32/4(2004-07-09), 297-305 0300-5577 32:4<297 2004 32 jpme CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-gruyter