caa a22 4500 37893807X CHVBK 20180305123645.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161128e20040709xx s 000 0 eng 10.1515/JPM.2004.057 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)gruyter-10.1515/JPM.2004.057 Waterbirths compared with landbirths: an observational study of nine years [Elektronische Daten] [V. Geissbuehler, S. Stein, J. Eberhard] Aims: This study compares neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality between waterbirths and landbirths (spontaneous singleton births in cephalic presentation, vacuum extractions are excluded). Methods: In this observational study covering nine years, standardized questionnaires were used to document 9,518 spontaneous singleton cephalic presentation births, of which 3,617 were waterbirths and 5,901 landbirths. Results: Landbirths show higher rates of episiotomies as well as third and fourth degree perineal lacerations. Waterbirths show a higher rate of births "without injuries”, first and second-degree perineal lacerations, vaginal and labial tears. After a waterbirth, there is an average loss of 5.26 g/l blood; this is significantly less than landbirths where there is an 8.08 g/l blood loss on average. In 69.7% waterbirths required no analgesic, compared to 58.0% for landbirths. Water and landbirths do not differ with respect to maternal and neonatal infections. After landbirths, there was a higher rate of newborn complications with subsequent transfer to an external NICU. During the study, there were neither maternal nor neonatal deaths related to spontaneous labor. Conclusions: Waterbirths are associated with low risks for both mother and child when obstetrical guidelines are followed. Copyright © 2004 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG Human reproduction, growth & development nationallicence Gynaecology & obstetrics nationallicence Paediatric medicine nationallicence Geissbuehler V. aut Stein S. aut Eberhard J. aut Journal of Perinatal Medicine Walter de Gruyter 32/4(2004-07-09), 308-314 0300-5577 32:4<308 2004 32 jpme https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.2004.057 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.2004.057 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Geissbuehler V. aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stein S. aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Eberhard J. aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Perinatal Medicine Walter de Gruyter 32/4(2004-07-09), 308-314 0300-5577 32:4<308 2004 32 jpme CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-gruyter