caa a22 4500 386313288 CHVBK 20180307111556.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198811 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S103031620000008X doi S103031620000008X pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S103031620000008X Hay Ian Department of Psychology and Special Education, Mount Gravatt Campus, Brisbane College of Advanced Education Characteristics and management of school phobia/refusal [Elektronische Daten] [Ian Hay] School phobics/ref usals form a heterogeneous group of students whose different etiology necessitates an understanding of different management strategies. Although anxiety and psychosomatic symptoms are common traits of the condition, a multi-faceted approach of evaluating and working with the school environment, the family and the student is needed. Younger students have responded well to behaviourally based strategies, while older and adolescent school phobic students are more resistant to treatment, with the school phobia often one aspect of a more complex social-emotional problem. The need to have the student return to school, yet still provide support and understanding to the family and the student is critical. Persistence, consistence and cooperation on the part of the school and family are important factors in the management strategies. Copyright © The Author(s) 1988 Queensland Journal of Guidance and Counselling Cambridge University Press 2(1988-11), 49-56 1030-3162 2<49 1988 2 QGC https://doi.org/10.1017/S103031620000008X text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S103031620000008X text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Hay Ian Department of Psychology and Special Education, Mount Gravatt Campus, Brisbane College of Advanced Education NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Queensland Journal of Guidance and Counselling Cambridge University Press 2(1988-11), 49-56 1030-3162 2<49 1988 2 QGC CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge