caa a22 4500 386315795 CHVBK 20180307111605.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130s1988 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0889189300002265 doi S0889189300002265 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0889189300002265 van Lenteren Joop C. Professor, Department of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands. Implementation of biological control [Elektronische Daten] [Joop C. van Lenteren] The number of species of insect pests, estimated to be maximally 10,000 worldwide, forms only a small part of the millions of species of plant-eating insects. Chemical pest control is becoming increasingly difficult and objectionable in terms of environmental contamination so that other methods of pest control need to be developed. One of the best alternatives is biological control. Natural and inoculative biological control has already proven successful against a variety of pests over large areas. One is inclined to forget, however, how successful a biological control program has been as soon as the pest problem has been solved. Other types of biological control involving the regular introduction or augmentation of natural enemies are better known, although these have been applied on a much smaller scale; a survey of the present-day application of these latter types of biological control is presented here. Phases in the implementation of biological control are illustrated and needed future developments in research are discussed. The main limitation on the development of biological control is not the research, since natural enemies are easier found and with a much lower investment than new chemical pesticides, but rather the attitudes held by growers and disinterest on the part of industry, policy-makers, and politicians. The first priority for those concerned with the development and application of safer pest control should, therefore, be to change the perceptions that these other groups have of biological control. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988 insect biological control nationallicence inoculative release nationallicence inundative release nationallicence vegetables nationallicence greenhouses nationallicence grower attitudes nationallicence American Journal of Alternative Agriculture Cambridge University Press 3/2-3(1988), 102-109 0889-1893 3:2-3<102 1988 3 AJA https://doi.org/10.1017/S0889189300002265 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0889189300002265 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- van Lenteren Joop C. Professor, Department of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- American Journal of Alternative Agriculture Cambridge University Press 3/2-3(1988), 102-109 0889-1893 3:2-3<102 1988 3 AJA CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge