caa a22 4500 386335761 CHVBK 20180307111733.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198910 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1557/S0883769400061480 doi S0883769400061480 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1557/S0883769400061480 Diamond Growth at Low Pressures [Elektronische Daten] Diamond synthesis has attracted attention ever since it was established in 1797 that diamond is a crystalline form of carbon. Initially, synthesis was attempted at high pressures because diamond is the densest carbon phase. As understanding of chemical thermodynamics developed through the 19th and 20th centuries, the pressure-temperature range of diamond stability was explored. These efforts culminated in the announcement in 1955 of a process for diamond synthesis with a molten transition metal solvent-catalyst at pressures where diamond is thermo-dynamically stable. Worldwide sales of synthetic diamond now approach 330 million carats (73 tons) with a market price of between $500 million to $1 billion. Over the past 40 years a parallel effort has been directed toward the growth of diamond at low pressures, where it is metastable. Although diamond was successfully produced, low-pressure synthesis was plagued by extremely low growth rates. Recent developments have led to much higher growth rates, creating great interest in the field. Polycrystalline diamond films can now be produced on a variety of substrates at linear growth rates of tens to hundreds of micrometers per hour. In addition, the recognition of an entirely new class of solids, the so-called "diamondlike” carbons and hydrocarbons has arisen from this work. This article will discuss both crystalline diamond grown at low pressure and the diamondlike phases. The interest in diamond is driven by its extreme properties, summarized in Table I. Diamond stands alone as the densest (number density), strongest (elastic modulus), and hardest known material. Copyright © Materials Research Society 1989 Angus J.C. Buck F.A. Sunkara M. Groth T.F. Hayman C.C. Gat R. MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 14/10(1989-10), 38-47 0883-7694 14:10<38 1989 14 MRS https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400061480 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400061480 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Angus J.C. NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Buck F.A. NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sunkara M. NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Groth T.F. NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hayman C.C. NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gat R. NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 14/10(1989-10), 38-47 0883-7694 14:10<38 1989 14 MRS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge