caa a22 4500 386336261 CHVBK 20180307111734.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198908 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1557/S0883769400061923 doi S0883769400061923 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1557/S0883769400061923 Small Cracks and the Transition to Long Cracks [Elektronische Daten] The propagation of small fatigue cracks differs considerably from that of long cracks in the same material. Small cracks tend to grow more rapidly than would be expected from long-crack data. Following Suresh and Ritchie, cracks are small when (1) their length is small compared to the scale of local plasticity (a linear elastic fracture mechanics, LEFM, limitation); (2) their length is small compared to microstructural dimensions (a continuum mechanics limitation); or (3) they are merely physically small. The importance of understanding the anomalously rapid growth of small cracks has been the subject of recent reviews and two specialized conferences. The impact of small cracks on component design is to force the design of highly conservative structures. Many investigators have tried to correct LEFM to account for crack shortness. Since the early work of Kitagawa and Takahashi and Smith showing the limitations of LEFM, many procedures to modify, correct, or replace LEFM have been proposed to predict short-crack growth rates. These include mechanisms based on crack closure stress and crack deflection, elastic-plastic approaches such as the J integral, or simply semi-empirical approaches. These methods have been reasonably successful when the crack length is a few times that of the relevant micro-structural size. Copyright © Materials Research Society 1989 Morris W.L. James M.R. MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 14/8(1989-08), 18-24 0883-7694 14:8<18 1989 14 MRS https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400061923 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400061923 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Morris W.L. NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- James M.R. NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 14/8(1989-08), 18-24 0883-7694 14:8<18 1989 14 MRS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge