caa a22 4500 38635412X CHVBK 20180307111844.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198902 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0033291700011053 doi S0033291700011053 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0033291700011053 The spectrum of structural brain changes in schizophrenia: age of onset as a predictor of cognitive and clinical impairments and their cerebral correlates [Elektronische Daten] A range of cerebral structures was assessed in a series of 172 CT scans of groups of psychiatric patients (including 101 in-patients with chronic schizophrenia) and related to assessments of clinical state and psychological function. Ventricular indices were increased in patients with schizophrenia by comparison with patients with other psychiatric disorders: brain area, which is modestly positively correlated with ventricular indices, was significantly (P < 0·01) reduced in patients with schizophrenia. Among in-patients with chronic schizophrenia, measures of increased ventricular size were significantly associated with impaired social behaviour and with movement disorder. Memory for famous names in the distant past (a test of remote memory) was the only psychological test which showed significant associations with indices of ventricular size; this suggests that ventricular enlargement and its psychological sequelae occur relatively early in the disease process. Dichotomization of the sample of schizophrenic patients around the mean age of onset revealed that a range of clinical and psychological functions are significantly more abnormal in those with an early age of onset than in those in whom the onset was later. Early onset cases also perform less well academically and occupationally before illness onset. Within the early onset group some significant correlations between cognitive function and brain area were seen. The findings suggest that: (i) some at least of the structural changes in schizophrenia arise at a time when the brain is still developing; and (ii) age of onset is an important determinant of social and intellectual impairment and is relevant to the relationship between brain structure and cognitive deficits. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989 Johnstone E. C. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Owens D. G. C. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Bydder G. M. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Colter N. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Crow T. J. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Frith C. D. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London Psychological Medicine Cambridge University Press 19/1(1989-02), 91-103 0033-2917 19:1<91 1989 19 PSM https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700011053 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700011053 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Johnstone E. C. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Owens D. G. C. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bydder G. M. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Colter N. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Crow T. J. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Frith C. D. Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow and Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Psychological Medicine Cambridge University Press 19/1(1989-02), 91-103 0033-2917 19:1<91 1989 19 PSM CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge