caa a22 4500 386355568 CHVBK 20180307111851.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198910 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0022216X00018496 doi S0022216X00018496 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0022216X00018496 Gonzales Michael J. Michael J. Gonzales is Associate Professor of History at Northern Illinois University and Director of the Center for Latino and Latin American Studies. Chinese Plantation Workers and Social Conflict in Peru in the late Nineteenth Century [Elektronische Daten] [Michael J. Gonzales] As the world capitalist system developed during the nineteenth century non-slave labour became a commodity that circulated around the globe and contributed to capital accumulation in metropolitan centres. The best examples are the emigration of millions of Asian indentured servants and European labourers to areas of European colonisation. Asians replaced emancipated African slaves on plantations in the Caribbean and South America, supplemented a declining slave population in Cuba, built railways in California, worked in mines in South Africa, laboured on sugarcane plantations in Mauritius and Fiji, and served on plantations in southeast Asia. Italian immigrants also replaced African slaves on coffee estates in Brazil, worked with Spaniards in the seasonal wheat harvest in Argentina, and, along with other Europeans, entered the growing labour market in the United States. From the perspective of capital, these workers were a cheap alternative to local wage labour and, as foreigners without the rights of citizens, they could be subjected to harsher methods of social control.1 Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989 Journal of Latin American Studies Cambridge University Press 21/3(1989-10), 385-424 0022-216X 21:3<385 1989 21 LAS https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X00018496 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X00018496 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Gonzales Michael J. Michael J. Gonzales is Associate Professor of History at Northern Illinois University and Director of the Center for Latino and Latin American Studies NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Latin American Studies Cambridge University Press 21/3(1989-10), 385-424 0022-216X 21:3<385 1989 21 LAS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge