caa a22 4500 386361339 CHVBK 20180307111916.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198909 xx s 000 0 eng 10.4039/Ent121793-9 doi S0008347X00035690 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.4039/Ent121793-9 VARIATIONS IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE LODGEPOLE TERMINAL WEEVIL, PISSODES TERMINALIS HOPPING (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), IN CALIFORNIA [Elektronische Daten] The lodgepole terminal weevil, Pissodes terminalis Hopping (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is widely distributed in western North America on three races of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.), as well as jack pine (P. banksiana Lamb.), Bishop pine (P. muricata D. Don.), and Monterey pine (P. radiata D. Don.). Three types of life cycle, one with three subtypes, are identified. In the univoltine type 1 cycle, adults emerge from attacked leaders in the fall, overwinter probably in the ground, and re-emerge in the spring to lay eggs in elongating leaders. Larval and pupal development is completed by early fall. The univoltine type 2 life cycle is similar, except that overwintering takes place in leaders; fourth-instar larvae overwinter in type 2A, pupae in type 2B, and adults in type 2C. The type 3 life cycle takes 2 years to complete, with the first winter being passed as a third-instar larva in the leader and the second as an adult, probably in the ground. The type 1 life cycle is most common at altitudes < 2000 m and the type 3 life cycle at altitudes over ca. 2500 m; all types may be found at altitudes of 2000-2500 m. Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989 Cameron E. Alan Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 16802 Stark R.W. School of Forestry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA 83843 The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/9(1989-09), 793-801 0008-347X 121:9<793 1989 121 TCE https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121793-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121793-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cameron E. Alan Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 16802 NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stark R.W. School of Forestry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA 83843 NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/9(1989-09), 793-801 0008-347X 121:9<793 1989 121 TCE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge