caa a22 4500 386361371 CHVBK 20180307111916.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198909 xx s 000 0 eng 10.4039/Ent121827-9 doi S0008347X00035756 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.4039/Ent121827-9 PREDATION BY RED SQUIRRELS ON THE SPRUCE BUDWORM CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) [Elektronische Daten] Predators of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumijerana (Clem.), include both invertebrates and vertebrates (Jennings and Crawford 1985). Birds are the best known and most extensively studied vertebrate predators, but because of their arboreal and omnivorous feeding habits, the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus (Bangs), and the red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (Bangs), often are implicated as potential predators of budworm larvae and pupae (Morris et al. 1958; Morris 1963; Otvos 1981; Welsh 1983). In laboratory feeding trials, W.F. Chesire estimated that red squirrels had a mean food capacity of 600-700 mature larvae or pupae of the spruce budworm per day (Morris 1963). R.T. Mitchell examined the stomach contents of 25 red squirrels collected during a major spruce budworm outbreak in northern Maine (Dowden et al. 1953); he found that spruce budworms made up 51% of their total food. On the basis of these results, Dowden et al. (1953) estimated that a red squirrel could eat 400-500 larvae per day. Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989 Jennings Daniel T. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Building, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469 Crawford Hewlette S. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Building, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469 The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/9(1989-09), 827-828 0008-347X 121:9<827 1989 121 TCE https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121827-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121827-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jennings Daniel T. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Building, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469 NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Crawford Hewlette S. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Building, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469 NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/9(1989-09), 827-828 0008-347X 121:9<827 1989 121 TCE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge