caa a22 4500 386361592 CHVBK 20180307111917.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198904 xx s 000 0 eng 10.4039/Ent121373-4 doi S0008347X00031746 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.4039/Ent121373-4 Lysyk T.J. Forestry Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7 A MULTIPLE-COHORT MODEL FOR SIMULATING JACK PINE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) DEVELOPMENT UNDER VARIABLE TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS [Elektronische Daten] [T.J. Lysyk] A phenology model for jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Freeman, is presented. Linear and nonlinear relationships between temperature and the development of overwintering larvae, instars 2-7, and pupae are determined, as is variation in the development of each instar. The model uses as input daily maximum and minimum temperatures corrected for the effects of bark and bud microclimate and simulates the number of insects in each instar on a given calendar date. Variation in development of all stages is included. Simulations matched observed data well for north-central and northwestern Ontario in 1986, but overestimated time of development for northwestern Ontario in 1987. Simulations under low, medium, and high temperature conditions revealed that a nonlinear equation for rate of development was necessary for simulating emergence whereas linear rate equations were adequate for simulating development of the feeding instars. The combined effect of bud and bark microclimate on model performance was equal to that which resulted from the use of nonlinear developmental equations. Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989 The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/4-5(1989-04), 373-387 0008-347X 121:4-5<373 1989 121 TCE https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121373-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121373-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Lysyk T.J. Forestry Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7 NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/4-5(1989-04), 373-387 0008-347X 121:4-5<373 1989 121 TCE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge