caa a22 4500 386361606 CHVBK 20180307111917.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198904 xx s 000 0 eng 10.4039/Ent121389-4 doi S0008347X00031758 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.4039/Ent121389-4 Vickery V.R. Emeritus Curator, Lyman Entomological Museum and Research Laboratory, Macdonald College of McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 1C0 THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN GRYLLOPTERA AND ORTHOPTERA [Elektronische Daten] [V.R. Vickery] The saltatorial orthopteroid insects did not originate in North America. Five avenues of entry were utilized in migration from other parts of the world. These were: (1) ancestral forms migrated to this region in Pangaean times when all continents formed a single land mass; (2) later in time, taxa migrated from Europe when Eurasia and North America were still joined, or later via an Atlantic land bridge; (3) ancestral forms migrated northward from the Neotropical region before the separation of the two continents or, much later, when the two continents became rejoined; (4) later arriving taxa entered North America during the Pleistocene via a Beringian land bridge; (5) some species are very recent immigrants, either because of the activities of man or by migration into Canadian territory from the south. The fossil record is very incomplete. It indicates past climatic conditions, but is of limited assistance concerning extant taxa. Pleistocene glaciation had a profound effect upon the distribution of extant species. Many species were forced to move southward to escape the advancing ice. Some species probably were eliminated. It is clear that most of the extant species have migrated northward since the recession of the Wisconsin glacier. Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989 The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/4-5(1989-04), 389-424 0008-347X 121:4-5<389 1989 121 TCE https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121389-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent121389-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Vickery V.R. Emeritus Curator, Lyman Entomological Museum and Research Laboratory, Macdonald College of McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 1C0 NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/4-5(1989-04), 389-424 0008-347X 121:4-5<389 1989 121 TCE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge