caa a22 4500 386361746 CHVBK 20180307111918.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198912 xx s 000 0 eng 10.4039/Ent1211069-12 doi S0008347X00035938 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.4039/Ent1211069-12 Weseloh Ronald M. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06504 SIMULATION OF PREDATION BY ANTS BASED ON DIRECT OBSERVATIONS OF ATTACKS ON GYPSY MOTH LARVAE [Elektronische Daten] [Ronald M. Weseloh] Predation of gypsy moth larvae, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), by ants was observed by placing caterpillars on the forest floor and waiting for ants to find them or by placing caterpillars very close to foraging ants. Over 80% of contacts with caterpillars were made by Formica spp. The rate of successful capture varied with caterpillar instar, generally becoming lower as larvae became larger. However, neonates were successfully attacked by ants less often than first-instar larvae that had fed. Neonates probably have developed defenses that prevent excessive predation because many fall to the forest floor when dispersing. The distribution of time intervals between encounters of ants with larvae was adequately fit by an exponential distribution having a mean waiting time of 20 min. This distribution was used to construct a simulation model of gypsy moth larval predation by ants. Based on the model results, ant success rate, ant foraging density, and residence time of larvae on the forest floor were important determinants of mortality caused by ants. Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989 The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/12(1989-12), 1069-1076 0008-347X 121:12<1069 1989 121 TCE https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent1211069-12 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent1211069-12 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Weseloh Ronald M. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06504 NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Canadian Entomologist Cambridge University Press 121/12(1989-12), 1069-1076 0008-347X 121:12<1069 1989 121 TCE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge