caa a22 4500 386376093 CHVBK 20180307112019.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198912 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S1742758400012583 doi S1742758400012583 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S1742758400012583 Sechser Burkhard CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Agricultural Division, Basle, Switzerland New developments in pesticides for IPM in Africa with special reference to cotton pests [Elektronische Daten] [Burkhard Sechser] There is a large knowledge base available worldwide for growing many crops according to the principles of integrated pest management (IPM). CIBA-GEIGY is active in much IPM related research. Several biological control projects are being carried out at present and include studies of Trichogramma minutum against the spruce budworm in Canada; Encarsia sp. against glasshouse white-flies in Spain; the fungus Beauveria brongniartii against cockchafers in fruit gardens and forests of Switzerland and Italy; and the protozoan (Nosema) preparations against the African desert locust. In cotton, CIBA-GEIGY is concentrating on testing pesticides for the selectivity of beneficial arthropods under practical field conditions. Some of the most important pests in cotton, rice and vegetables are monitored regularly for the occurrence of resistance, and strategies are being developed to overcome it. A computer model has been developed for American cotton, which is now under practical evaluation and which should allow for appropriate treatment decisions based on plant phenology and regular pest scouting. General recommendations are given as to the implementation of IPM programmes in cotton, which are based on methodologically sound monitoring of cotton arthropods, establishment of economic thresholds, use of selective compounds or the selective use of broad spectrum pesticides, rotation of pesticides of different chemical classes to avoid the build-up of resistance, and a strengthened search for biological control alternatives such as more potent strains of Bacillus thuringiensis. Copyright © ICIPE 1989 Trichogramma minutum nationallicence Encarsia sp nationallicence Beauvaria brongniartii nationallicence Nosema nationallicence Bacillus thuringiensis nationallicence gestion integrée des ravageurs nationallicence phenologie nationallicence contrôle visuel nationallicence International Journal of Tropical Insect Science Cambridge University Press 10/6(1989-12), 815-820 1742-7584 10:6<815 1989 10 JTI https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400012583 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400012583 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Sechser Burkhard CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Agricultural Division, Basle, Switzerland NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Tropical Insect Science Cambridge University Press 10/6(1989-12), 815-820 1742-7584 10:6<815 1989 10 JTI CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge