caa a22 4500 386384495 CHVBK 20180307112054.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130s1989 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0265052500000716 doi S0265052500000716 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0265052500000716 Nove Alec Economics, University of Glasgow Socialism, Capitalism, and the Soviet Experience [Elektronische Daten] [Alec Nove] What does the Soviet record tell us about the viability, effectiveness, and efficiency of socialism? There are several questions that arise if one examines the Soviet experience, in addition to the comparative systems aspect (i.e., the comparison between capitalism and socialism). One question relates to the impact of the experience of the Soviet Union on theories of socialism, and also vice versa: the impact and relevance of socialist theory in assessing the Soviet system. Then there is the important issue of the role of specifically Soviet-Russian circumstances: traditions, political culture, and work ethic. A poet, Voloshin, wrote, "Velikii Pyotr byl pervyi bolshevik” (Peter the Great was the first bolshevik). The eminent philosopher Nikolai Berdyaev also remarked that "Peter's methods were purely bolshevik.” Leftists of a Trotskyist persuasion argue that the Soviet Union under Stalin took the wrong turn, that the Soviet Union is not socialist at all, that it is "state capitalist” - run by a "new bourgeoisie,” a bureaucratic ruling class—and continue to manufacture other variants on this theme.While official Soviet ideology claims that the U.S.S.R. is socialist and is following the principles laid down by Marx and Lenin, this can be questioned. One can indeed show that many aspects of the Soviet economic and political scene are at variance with the anticipations of Marx and of Lenin. But from this, one need not draw the conclusion that there was a "revolution betrayed,” but rather that some of these anticipations were unreal or unrealizable. Copyright © Social Philosophy and Policy Foundation 1989 Social Philosophy and Policy Cambridge University Press 6/2(1989), 235-251 0265-0525 6:2<235 1989 6 SOY https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265052500000716 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265052500000716 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Nove Alec Economics, University of Glasgow NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Social Philosophy and Policy Cambridge University Press 6/2(1989), 235-251 0265-0525 6:2<235 1989 6 SOY CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge