caa a22 4500 386384630 CHVBK 20180307112054.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130s1989 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S026359330002873X doi S026359330002873X pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S026359330002873X Environmental controls on the taphonomy and distribution of Carboniferous malacostracan crustaceans [Elektronische Daten] Shrimp-like malacostracan crustaceans first appeared in the late Devonian and underwent a substantial adaptive radiation in the Carboniferous. They are rarely found in rocks of fully marine origin but are well represented in sediments laid down in brackish water and marginal marine conditions; such transitional environments provide the exceptional circumstances required for the preservation of unmineralised shrimps. The best examples are in the Dinantian of Scotland, the Namurian of Montana, and the Westphalian of Illinois. It is probable that shrimps were widespread in contemporaneous marine environments, but are not preserved. Any approach to understanding the physiology of fossil organisms is necessarily indirect. The diversity of crustacean communities, and the nature of associated taxa and trace fossils, are the most useful biotic factors for interpreting the habitat and tolerance of fossil examples. All known Carboniferous crustacean communities lived in brackish conditions; none is fully marine. Malacostracan assemblages in the Dinantian of Britain show a general trend of increasing diversity with salinity, from a single taxon at Gullane (stratified freshwater lake or brackish lagoon) to ten at Glencartholm (approaching normal marine). Tealliocaris is associated with low salinities. Crangopsis socialis is confined to the brackish water interdistributary bay environment, but Bairdops and Belotelson display a broader environmental tolerance. Crangopsis eskdalensis, Sairocaris, and Perimecturus occur only at Glencartholm, indicating a requirement for a strong marine influence. Those taxa confined to a limited environmental range all occur where a marine influence is pronounced; none occurs solely in areas of lower salinity. While salinity was apparently the dominant influence on distribution, a complex of independently varying environmental factors was involved. The range of habitats colonised early in the Carboniferous indicates that the preserved taxa had already developed advanced osmoregulatory mechanisms. Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1989 brackish water nationallicence Carboniferous nationallicence community nationallicence Crustacea nationallicence environment nationallicence Malacostraca nationallicence salinity nationallicence taphonomy nationallicence Briggs D. E. G. Department of Geology, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, England. Clarkson E. N. K. Grant Institute of Geology, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Scotland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences Royal Society of Edinburgh Scotland Foundation 80/3-4(1989), 293-301 0263-5933 80:3-4<293 1989 80 TRE https://doi.org/10.1017/S026359330002873X text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S026359330002873X text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Briggs D. E. G. Department of Geology, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, England NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Clarkson E. N. K. Grant Institute of Geology, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Scotland NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences Royal Society of Edinburgh Scotland Foundation 80/3-4(1989), 293-301 0263-5933 80:3-4<293 1989 80 TRE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge