caa a22 4500 386389152 CHVBK 20180307112108.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130s1989 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0269727000010836 doi S0269727000010836 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0269727000010836 Willis A. J. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K. Coastal sand dunes as biological systems [Elektronische Daten] [A. J. Willis] With the gradation of intensities of environmental factors from the strand-line to stable inland areas, coastal dunes show many ecological phenomena especially clearly. These are reviewed broadly, with some emphasis on topics on which important advances are being made. The nutrient status of dune soil and changes with time are shown with reference to several dune systems. Changes in major nutrients are given for Braunton Burrows, north Devon, where the influence of nitrogen fixation by Lotus corniculatus is illustrated. The effects of sand burial on plants are considered, and details given of the root systems of vigorous and relict marram; factors which may affect its decline in vigour are reviewed. Also discussed is the likely significance of nematodes in the decline of Hippophaë rhamnoides. Reasons for the richness of the dune flora are considered and also some autecological studies. At the physiological level, reference is made to the water relations of plants and at the biochemical level to the occurrence and possible ecological importance of stress metabolites. Life strategies, phenology, survivorship, competition and the population ecology of dune plants are reviewed and also the interaction of ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) and cinnabar moth (Tyria jacobaeae). The population genetics of dune plants is illustrated by reference to Festuca rubra and Ammophila arenaria and of animals to Cepaea nemoralis. The abundance and ecological relationships of the invertebrate fauna are exemplified by surveys at Spurn Point, extensive investigations on spiders and the influence of marram on arthropod communities. The ecology of the natterjack load is considered in relation to conservation and the effects of large animal grazers in relation to the diversity of vegetation. Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1989 Foundation Papers nationallicence Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences Royal Society of Edinburgh Scotland Foundation 96(1989), 17-36 0269-7270 96<17 1989 96 PRB https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000010836 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000010836 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Willis A. J. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences Royal Society of Edinburgh Scotland Foundation 96(1989), 17-36 0269-7270 96<17 1989 96 PRB CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge