caa a22 4500 386389179 CHVBK 20180307112108.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130s1989 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0269727000010861 doi S0269727000010861 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0269727000010861 Boorman Laurence A. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood Experimental Station, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE17 2LS, U.K. The grazing of British sand dune vegetation [Elektronische Daten] [Laurence A. Boorman] The herbaceous vegetation of sand dunes is quite strongly influenced by a number of different grazing animals, principally vertebrates. Between 1985 and 1987 forty-eight dune sites were visited and studied, information being recorded on the vegetation and grazing status of 777 quadrats. The results of the survey confirm that the dominant grazing animal in British sand dunes is the rabbit. Over 70% of the quadrats are regarded as being rabbit-grazed directly and over 98% of the dune sites sampled appeared to be affected by rabbit grazing to some extent. Just over a third of the sites were grazed by cattle and a similar proportion by sheep; generally it was either cattle or sheep although five sites were grazed by both. There was only one site significantly grazed by ponies although a number of other sites were grazed occasionally by passing ponies. The intensity of grazing was very variable. Out of the forty-eight sites, three were regarded as being ungrazed and a further ten only lightly grazed, while nine sites were considered to be heavily grazed. However the remaining twenty-six sites were recognised as being intermediate only to the extent of not being obviously overgrazed or undergrazed. It was further recognised that the present state of the vegetation tended to reflect the grazing management in the recent past rather than current practice. A change in the grazing management often took many years to effect a permanent change in the vegetation. The grazing requirements to promote species diversity are very different for the different habitat types. In the yellow dunes the plant community is open with bare ground for colonisation and plant competition is not intense. There is thus little need for the control of plant growth by grazing. Dune grassland, in the narrow sense, needs to be grazed to maintain plant species diversity. The purpose of grazing is to remove prolific growth from the most vigorously growing plants to reduce competition. Lower grazing intensities are needed for all the year round grazing than when grazing is first applied to an area or is a permanent measure for limited periods of the year only. Dune slacks are generally best grazed by cattle and, with the higher soil moisture, grazing intensities can be higher than those applied to dune grassland. Excessive grazing is likely to cause serious damage to both the soil and the vegetation, especially in the wetter areas. Dune heath vegetation has a low productivity and its own special management problems. It needs to be grazed (or cut or burnt) to maintain the internal mosaic by the successful regeneration of the main species, but too much grazing will lead to conversion to a species-poor acid grassland. Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1989 Ecological Aspects nationallicence Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences Royal Society of Edinburgh Scotland Foundation 96(1989), 75-88 0269-7270 96<75 1989 96 PRB https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000010861 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269727000010861 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Boorman Laurence A. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood Experimental Station, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE17 2LS, U.K NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences Royal Society of Edinburgh Scotland Foundation 96(1989), 75-88 0269-7270 96<75 1989 96 PRB CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge