caa a22 4500 386403864 CHVBK 20190501074949.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e198905 xx s 000 0 eng 10.2307/2057377 doi S0021911800057739 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.2307/2057377 Smith-Hefner Nancy J. A Social History of Language Change in Highland East Java [Elektronische Daten] [Nancy J. Smith-Hefner] Throughout east and southeast asia multilingual speech communities are the norm rather than the exception. In most countries in the region, nonstandard dialects and ethnic languages survive and even thrive despite the introduction of national languages and their utilization in government, business, and education. Where communicative isolation is not the cause of their survival, the persistence of such regional languages often signals the continuing importance of distinctive infranational identities, operating within (and sometimes across) the boundaries of the modern nation state. Although surely not the only important marker of ethnic or social distinctiveness, language is a particularly rich medium for the expression of social identity. Conversely, the adoption of a new linguistic standard often requires the resolution of what are perceived as competing social identities. In much of developing Asia, therefore, researchers on language history regularly encounter some variant of the same question: what social and historical conditions determine the ways that speakers in multilingual communities resolve problems of language and identity? More specifically, what mix of cultural and political forces ensures that some linguistic varieties persist while others decline or even disappear? Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1989 The Journal of Asian Studies Cambridge University Press 48/2(1989-05), 257-271 0021-9118 48:2<257 1989 48 JAS https://doi.org/10.2307/2057377 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.2307/2057377 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Smith-Hefner Nancy J. NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Journal of Asian Studies Cambridge University Press 48/2(1989-05), 257-271 0021-9118 48:2<257 1989 48 JAS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge