caa a22 4500 388017228 CHVBK 20180307124914.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199803 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0022336000036350 doi S0022336000036350 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0022336000036350 A quantitative review of European stenonoid horses [Elektronische Daten] [M. T. Alberdi, E. Ortiz-Jaureguizar, J. L. Prado] The taxonomy of the European stenonoid horses is revised using multivariate statistical techniques in this paper. The objectives are: to identify the taxonomic status of this group; to revise the specific and subspecific diagnoses, and the valid taxa; and to analyze their paleoecology and evolution. We conclude that: 1) there are six species among the Plio-Pleistocene European stenonoids: Equus major Depéret, in Delafond and Depéret 1893, ex Boule; Equus livenzovensis Bajgusheva, 1978; Equus stenonis Cocchi, 1867; Equus senezensis Prat, 1964; Equus altidens von Reichenau, 1915; and Equus sussenbornensis Wüts, 1901; 2) There are seven subspecies, three of E. stenonis, two of E. senezensis, and two of E. altidens; 3) There are two monophyletic groups according to the "neighbor-joining method,” one composed of the middle-to-small-size species, and the other of the biggest ones; 4) There is a trend toward decreasing body size through time in stenonoid horses. This trend, that follows the inverse direction of Cope's rule, can be related to the climatic-environmental changes that occurred from the middle Villafranchian to the early Galerian; 5) Large stenonoids were recorded in the middle Villafranchian and were associated with open and dry habitats (steppes), whereas the small ones lived in more closed and wet habitats (savanna-mosaic, woodlands) from late Villafranchian to earliest Galerian. Copyright © The Paleontological Society Alberdi M. T. Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain <mcnaa3j@fresno.csic.es> aut Ortiz-Jaureguizar E. Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain <mcnaa3j@fresno.csic.es> aut Prado J. L. INCUAPA, Facultad Ciencias Sociales, UNC, Provincia de Buenos Aires, San Martin 3060, 7400 Olavarría, Argentina aut Journal of Paleontology Cambridge University Press 72/2(1998-03), 371-387 0022-3360 72:2<371 1998 72 JPA https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022336000036350 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022336000036350 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Alberdi M. T. Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain <mcnaa3j@fresno.csic.es> aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ortiz-Jaureguizar E. Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain <mcnaa3j@fresno.csic.es> aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Prado J. L. INCUAPA, Facultad Ciencias Sociales, UNC, Provincia de Buenos Aires, San Martin 3060, 7400 Olavarría, Argentina aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Paleontology Cambridge University Press 72/2(1998-03), 371-387 0022-3360 72:2<371 1998 72 JPA CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge