caa a22 4500 388034149 CHVBK 20180307124959.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199808 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1086/647874 doi S0195941700088408 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1086/647874 Comparative and Library Epidemiological Typing Systems: Outbreak Investigations Versus Surveillance Systems [Elektronische Daten] A number of high-resolution molecular typing systems have been developed in recent years. Their availability raises the new issues of selecting the method(s) best suited for a particular purpose and interpreting and communicating typing results. Most of the currently available methods are comparative only: they allow testing of a sample of isolates for delineation of those closely related from those markedly different in genomic backgrounds. This approach is adequate for outbreak investigation, allowing determination of clonal spread in a microenvironment and identification of the source of infection. Comparative methods with sufficient resolution for most pathogens include restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and arbitrarily primed and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. For surveillance systems, monitoring clonal spread and prevalence in populations over extended periods of time requires library typing systems. These must be standardized, must have a high throughput, and must use a uniform nomenclature. Promising or validated methods include serotyping, insertion sequence fingerprinting, ribotyping, PFGE, amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP), infrequent-restriction-site amplification PCR, interrepetitive element PCR typing (rep-PCR) and PCR-RFLP of polymorphic loci. PCR methods generating arrays of size-specific amplicons (AFLP, rep-PCR) can be more reproducibly analyzed by using denaturing polyacrylamide gel or capillary electrophoresis with automated laser detection. Binary probe typing systems appear optimal and should be enhanced further through use of DNA chip technology. In these systems, amplification of polymorphic regions is followed by solid-phase hybridization with a reference panel of sequence-variant specific probes. The resulting binary type results allow determination of reproducible, numeric profiles. However, interpretation and nomenclature of typing results for large-scale surveillance purposes still require a better understanding of population structure and microevolution of most microbial pathogens. Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1998 Struelens Marc J. Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium Gheldre Yves De Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium Deplano Ariane Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology Cambridge University Press 19/8(1998-08), 565-569 0899-823X 19:8<565 1998 19 ICE https://doi.org/10.1086/647874 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1086/647874 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Struelens Marc J. Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gheldre Yves De Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Deplano Ariane Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology Cambridge University Press 19/8(1998-08), 565-569 0899-823X 19:8<565 1998 19 ICE CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge