caa a22 4500 388058900 CHVBK 20180307125115.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e19980801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1375/twin.1.4.216 doi S1369052300000465 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1375/twin.1.4.216 Nature vs nurture: Are leaders born or made? A behavior genetic investigation of leadership style [Elektronische Daten] With the recent resurgence in popularity of trait theories of leadership, it is timely to consider the genetic determination of the multiple factors comprising the leadership construct. Individual differences in personality traits have been found to be moderately to highly heritable, and so it follows that if there are reliable personality trait differences between leaders and non-leaders, then there may be a heritable component to these individual differences. Despite this connection between leadership and personality traits, however, there are no studies of the genetic basis of leadership using modern behavior genetic methodology. The present study proposes to address the lack of research in this area by examining the heritability of leadership style, as measured by self-report psychometric inventories. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), the Leadership Ability Evaluation, and the Adjective Checklist were completed by 247 adult twin pairs (183 monozygotic and 64 same-sex dizygotic). Results indicated that most of the leadership dimensions examined in this study are heritable, as are two higher level factors (resembling transactional and transformational leadership)derived from anobliquely rotated principal components factors analysis of the MLQ. Univariate analyses suggested that 48% of the variance in transactional leadership may be explained by additive heritability, and 59% of the variance in transformational leadership may be explained by non-additive (dominance) heritability. Multi-variate analyses indicatedthat most ofthe variables studiedshared substantial genetic covariance, suggesting a large overlap in the underlying genes responsible for the leadership dimensions. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1998 leadership style nationallicence behavior genetics nationallicence transformational leadership nationallicence transactional leadership nationallicence heritability nationallicence Johnson Andrew M. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. ajohnson@julian.uwo.ca Vernon Philip A. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. McCarthy Julie M. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. Molson Mindy Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. Harris Julie A. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. Jang Kerry L. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Twin Research Cambridge University Press 1/4(1998-08-01), 216-223 1369-0523 1:4<216 1998 1 THG https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.1.4.216 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.1.4.216 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Johnson Andrew M. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. ajohnson@julian.uwo.ca NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vernon Philip A. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- McCarthy Julie M. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Molson Mindy Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Harris Julie A. Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jang Kerry L. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Twin Research Cambridge University Press 1/4(1998-08-01), 216-223 1369-0523 1:4<216 1998 1 THG CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge