caa a22 4500 38805929X CHVBK 20180307125116.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199806 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1079/PHN19980017 doi S1368980098000184 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1079/PHN19980017 Effects of reduced-fat diets with different fatty acid compositions on serum lipoprotein lipids and apolipoproteins [Elektronische Daten] Abstract Objective: To compare the effects on serum lipoproteins of three isocaloric diets with reduced total fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents but with different proportions of monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Design: A low-fat diet (LF) provided 20 en% fat, 7.9% SFA, 7.8% MUFA, 3.0% PUFA; a high-PUFA diet (HP) 26 en% fat, 7.5% SFA, 8.2% MUFA, 8.1% PUFA; and a high-MUFA diet (HM) 26 en% fat, 7.3% SFA, 14.1% MUFA, 3.2% PUFA. Diets were consumed for 8 weeks in a parallel design, after 2 weeks on a habitual diet with 33-34 en% fat, 13-14% SFA, 12% MUFA, 6% PUFA, and followed by an 8-week period on habitual diet. Compliance to diet was monitored by repeated food records and weekly visits to a nutritionist. Subjects: 45 free-living, middle-aged couples who were randomly allocated into the three diet groups; 43 men and 44 women completed the study. Results: During the diet periods, a small but significant reduction in body weight of 0.4-1.0kg was observed in all groups. Similar and significantreductions of mean weight-adjusted serum total cholesterol (4-8%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (7-11%), and high-densitylipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (8-11%) were observed during the diets. HDL2-cholesterol and apoprotein (apo) A-I levels were reduced whereas HDL3-cholesterol and apoA-II increased. ApoB was significantly decreased during the HM diet only. Serum triglycerides increased significantly during diets LF (25%, P< 0.01) and HP (19%, P< 0.05) but not during diet HM (5%, NS). Conclusions: Reduction in the intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids reduced serum LDL-cholesterol and HDL2-cholesterol concentrations irrespective of the relative proportions of MUFA and PUFA in the diets. The results suggest that there might be some advantage in increasing the proportion of MUFA in low-fat diets, since the HM diet rich in MUFA reduced apoB and slightly attenuated the increase in serum triglycerides that is commonly associated with dietary fat reduction. Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1998 Diet nationallicence Fat reduction nationallicence Fatty acids nationallicence Monounsaturated nationallicence Polyunsaturated nationallicence Cholesterol nationallicence Lipoproteins nationallicence Apolipoproteins nationallicence Aro Antti Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland Pietinen Pirjo Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland Valsta Liisa M. Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland Turpeinen Anu M. Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland Ehnholm Christian Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland Dougherty Rita M. Western Human Nutrition Center, US Department of Agriculture, San Francisco, USA Iacono James M. Western Human Nutrition Center, US Department of Agriculture, San Francisco, USA Public Health Nutrition Cambridge University Press 1/2(1998-06), 109-116 1368-9800 1:2<109 1998 1 PHN https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN19980017 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN19980017 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aro Antti Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pietinen Pirjo Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Valsta Liisa M. Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Turpeinen Anu M. Department of Nutrition National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ehnholm Christian Department of Biochemistry, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dougherty Rita M. Western Human Nutrition Center, US Department of Agriculture, San Francisco, USA NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Iacono James M. Western Human Nutrition Center, US Department of Agriculture, San Francisco, USA NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Public Health Nutrition Cambridge University Press 1/2(1998-06), 109-116 1368-9800 1:2<109 1998 1 PHN CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge