caa a22 4500 388059567 CHVBK 20180307125116.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199809 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1079/PHN19980024 doi S1368980098000251 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1079/PHN19980024 Intake of fruits, vegetables, folic acid and related nutrients and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women [Elektronische Daten] Abstract Objective: To determine the role of fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary intake of folic acid and related nutrients such as methionine, cysteine and alcohol in the aetiology of breast cancer. Design: Population based case-control study. Setting: Part of the European Community Multicentre Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Cancer of the Breast (EURAMIC) in Berlin, Germany. subjects: As part of the EURAMIC study, dietary intake data were collected in 43 postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer between 191 and 1992 in Berlin, Germany, and compared to 106 population-based controls. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for major risk factors of breast cancer but not for total energy intake showed a non-significant inverse association between a high intake of vegetables (OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.48-1.20) and fruits (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.48-1.15) and breast cancer. Once results were adjusted for total energy intake the associations became much weaker (vegetables: OR=0.86, 95% CI=0.51-1.46; fruits: OR=0.82, 95% CI=0.51-1.32). For all nutrients, the effect of energy adjustment was more profound and the inverse associations disappeared when results were adjusted for energy intake (total folate—not energy adjusted: OR=0.79, 95% CI=O.51-1.21; energy adjusted: OR=1.14, 95% CI=0.73-1.79; folate equivalents-not energy adjusted: OR=0.81, 95% CI= 0.53-1.23; energy adjusted: OR=1.16, 95% CI=0.78-1.74; methionine—not energy adjusted: OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.35-1.03; energy adjusted: OR=1.29, 95% CI=0.76-2.19; cysteine—not energy adjusted: OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.29-0.94; energy adjusted: OR=1.22, 95% CI=0.75-1.97). Alcohol intake was inversely associated with breast cancer in a non-significant way, possibly due to the relatively low alcohol intake of the study population. Conclusions: The results of this study do not provide firm evidence that a high intake of fruits and vegetables, folic acid, methionine or cysteine reduces the risk of getting breast cancer. Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1998 Breast cancer nationallicence Folic acid nationallicence Alcohol nationallicence Methionine nationallicence Fruits nationallicence Vegetables nationallicence Postmenopausal women nationallicence Thorand Barbara Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA Kohlmeier Lenore Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA Simonsen Naal Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA Croghan Carry Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA Thamm Michael Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape-Strasse 62-66, D-12101 Berlin, Germany Public Health Nutrition Cambridge University Press 1/3(1998-09), 147-156 1368-9800 1:3<147 1998 1 PHN https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN19980024 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN19980024 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Thorand Barbara Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kohlmeier Lenore Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Simonsen Naal Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Croghan Carry Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7400, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Thamm Michael Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape-Strasse 62-66, D-12101 Berlin, Germany NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Public Health Nutrition Cambridge University Press 1/3(1998-09), 147-156 1368-9800 1:3<147 1998 1 PHN CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge