caa a22 4500 388073179 CHVBK 20180307125154.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199903 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0790966700004985 doi S0790966700004985 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0790966700004985 Circadian system and sleep anomaly in depression [Elektronische Daten] Abnormalities of circadian rhythms in depressed patients have been noted, including decreased amplitude, distorted waveform, day-to-day instability, and unusual 48 hour periods. Consistent electroencephalographic sleep recording in these patients show a shortened rapid eye movement latency and slow-wave sleep (stages 3 and 4), resulting in an increase in rapid eye movement sleep. This phenomenon appears to be a dependable, measurable marker for diagnosing primary depression. Total sleep deprivation appears to significantly improve mood in a high percentage of depressed patients. Current pharmacological research suggests that drug treatment such as lithium would not affect the intra sleep cycles of the REM stagebut would shift the phase backward and lithium would also shift the phase of circadian rhythm of the daytime sleepiness backward. This paper highlights some of the new approaches for investigating the molecular substrate for the control of circadian rhythmicity and sleep in man and critically examines the hypothesis of the alteration of this mechanism in psychopathology, particularly depression. What is known of the endogenous clock mechanism is discussed with known molecular circadian mechanisms with a view towards understanding how circadian information is transmitted to the rest of the central nervous system and how it is affected in depression. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999 Sleep nationallicence Circadian rhythm nationallicence Suprachiasmatic nucleus nationallicence Depression nationallicence Sleep-wake cycle nationallicence Emilien Gérard Laboratory of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium. Reprints, 127 rue Henri Prou, 78340 Les Clayes Sous Bois, France Maloteaux Jean-Marie Laboratory of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine Cambridge University Press 16/1(1999-03), 18-23 0790-9667 16:1<18 1999 16 IPM https://doi.org/10.1017/S0790966700004985 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0790966700004985 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Emilien Gérard Laboratory of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium. Reprints, 127 rue Henri Prou, 78340 Les Clayes Sous Bois, France NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maloteaux Jean-Marie Laboratory of Pharmacology and Department of Neurology, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine Cambridge University Press 16/1(1999-03), 18-23 0790-9667 16:1<18 1999 16 IPM CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge