caa a22 4500 388074981 CHVBK 20180307125158.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199908 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1557/S0883769400052842 doi S0883769400052842 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1557/S0883769400052842 Novel Methods of Nanoscale Wire Formation [Elektronische Daten] [S.M. Prokes, Kang L. Wang] In recent years, tremendous interest has been generated in the fabrication and characterization of nanoscale structures such as quantum dots and wires. For example, there is interest in the electronic, magnetic, mechanical, and chemical properties of materials with reduced dimensions. In the case of nanoscale semiconductors, quantum effects are expected to play an increasingly prominent role in the physics of nanostructures, and a new class of electronic and optoelectronic devices may be possible. In addition to new and interesting physics, the formation and characterization of nanoscale magnetic structures could result in higher-density storage capacity in hard disks and optical-recording media. Likewise, phonon confinement leads to a drastic reduction of thermal conductivity and can be used to improve the performance of thermoelectric devices. In 1980, H. Sakaki predicted theoretically that quantum wires may have applications in high-performance transport devices, due to their sawtoothlike density of states (E 1/2), where E is the electron energy. Since then, most quantum wires have been made by fabricating a gratinglike gate on top of a two-dimensional (2D) electron gas contained in a semiconductor heterojunction or in metal-oxide-semiconductor structures. By applying a negative gate voltage to the system, its structure can be changed from a 2D to a one-dimensional (1D) regime, where electron confinement is achieved by an electrostatic confining potential. It was not until recently that "physical” semiconductor quantum wires with the demonstrated 1D confinement by physical boundaries began to be fabricated. Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999 Prokes S.M. aut Wang Kang L. aut MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 24/8(1999-08), 13-19 0883-7694 24:8<13 1999 24 MRS https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400052842 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400052842 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Prokes S.M. aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Kang L. aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 24/8(1999-08), 13-19 0883-7694 24:8<13 1999 24 MRS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge