caa a22 4500 388075511 CHVBK 20180307125159.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199912 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1557/S0883769400053707 doi S0883769400053707 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1557/S0883769400053707 Neutron-Scattering Measurements of "Soft Matter” [Elektronische Daten] Neutron scattering had its origin in 1932, the year that marked the discovery of the neutron by Chadwick, and the first nuclear reactors were successfully operated in Chicago and Oak Ridge, Tenn., in the early 1940s. During its initial stages, neutron scattering was used mainly for the study of "hard” crystalline materials. For example, Shull and Wollan's pioneering research, which led to the 1994 Nobel Prize in physics, began with studies of iron, chromium, and iridium, and was followed by the development of polarization analysis to determine the structure of magnetic materials. Such studies continue to yield important structural information (see the articles on magnetism by Aeppli and Hayden and on crystallography by Radaelli and Jorgensen in this issue of MRS Bulletin), although during the last two decades, the technique has been increasingly used by scientists from other disciplines (chemistry, biology, polymer science), and many of these newer applications have involved "soft” matter such as polymers, colloids, and gels. By definition, these substances are "plastic” or "squishy,” and easy to mold into different shapes; because of this flexibility, they have become some of the most practical and widely used materials today. Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999 Lindner Peter Wignall George MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 24/12(1999-12), 34-39 0883-7694 24:12<34 1999 24 MRS https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400053707 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400053707 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lindner Peter NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wignall George NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 24/12(1999-12), 34-39 0883-7694 24:12<34 1999 24 MRS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge