caa a22 4500 388075724 CHVBK 20180307125159.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199904 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1557/S0883769400052167 doi S0883769400052167 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1557/S0883769400052167 Computer Applications in the Development of Steels [Elektronische Daten] Despite the fact that thermodynamic calculations, strictly speaking, apply only to equilibrium, they may of ten be used in nonequilibrium situations. If one or several of the stable phases are suppressed in the calculations, we have a metastable equilibrium, which is often of practical interest. For example, one may calculate the driving force available to form the more stable phases and model nucleation. Thermodynamic calculations may be performed stepwise to predict microseg-regation during solidification by a Scheil-type calculation (no diffusion in the solid State, infinite diffusion in the liquid, and equilibrium at the interface). In such a calculation, no information other than the thermodynamic properties of the System is used. A more ambitious approach is to com-bine the thermodynamic calculations with kinetic modeis (e.g., diffusion calculations) and thereby predict the rate of reactions. This approach is extremely powerful and may be used to simulate a wide range of different phenomena, including precipitation, homogenization, and diffusional interactionsbetween Substrate and coating. It is usually assumed that thermodynamic equilibrium holds locally at the migrating phase interface between two phases, and the rate of transformation is calculated at each instant by solving a set of flux-balance equations. The fluxes are obtained from a numerical Solution of the multicomponent diffusion equations (see Reference 3). Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999 Sundman Bo Ågren John MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 24/4(1999-04), 32-36 0883-7694 24:4<32 1999 24 MRS https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400052167 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1557/S0883769400052167 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sundman Bo NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ågren John NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- MRS Bulletin Cambridge University Press 24/4(1999-04), 32-36 0883-7694 24:4<32 1999 24 MRS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge