caa a22 4500 388084944 CHVBK 20180307125227.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199907 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S002221510014469X doi S002221510014469X pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S002221510014469X The shift in the indications for the tracheotomy between 1940 and 1955: an historical review [Elektronische Daten] In the period between 1940 and 1955 the indications for tracheotomy were extended. For centuries tracheotomies were performed to treat obstructive diseases of the upper airway (hypopharynx, larynx, trachea). With the end of the second World War tracheotomy was indicated more and more for the therapy of lower airway disturbances. Medical empiricism is thought to be responsible for the gradual shift in the indications during that period from upper to lower airway disturbances. Knowledge about the underlying principles of respiratory physiology was, however, already present at the end of the 19th century, but the shift in the indications did not occur until relatively recently. For many victims of World War II the discovery of the beneficial effect of a tracheotomy in a variety of traumatic disorders may have come too late. Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1999 tracheotomy nationallicence History of Medicine nationallicence Respiratory system nationallicence Graamans K. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Pirsig W. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitäts H.N.O.-Klinik, Ulm, Germany Biefel K. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitäts H.N.O.-Klinik, Ulm, Germany The Journal of Laryngology & Otology Cambridge University Press 113/7(1999-07), 624-627 0022-2151 113:7<624 1999 113 JLO https://doi.org/10.1017/S002221510014469X text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S002221510014469X text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Graamans K. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pirsig W. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitäts H.N.O.-Klinik, Ulm, Germany NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Biefel K. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitäts H.N.O.-Klinik, Ulm, Germany NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Journal of Laryngology & Otology Cambridge University Press 113/7(1999-07), 624-627 0022-2151 113:7<624 1999 113 JLO CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge