caa a22 4500 388096381 CHVBK 20180307125305.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199908 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0029665199000968 doi S0029665199000968 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0029665199000968 Exercise and immune function: effect of ageing and nutrition [Elektronische Daten] Strenuous exercise is followed by lymphopenia, neutrophilia, impaired natural immunity, decreased lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens, a low level of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva, but high circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. These exercise-induced immune changes may provide the physiological basis of altered resistance to infections. The mechanisms underlying exercise-induced immune changes are multifactorial and include neuroendocrinological and metabolic mechanisms. Nutritional supplementation with glutamine abolishes the exercise-induced decline in plasma glutamine, but does not influence post-exercise immune impairment. However, carbohydrate loading diminishes most exercise effects of cytokines, lymphocyte and neutrophils. The diminished neutrophilia and elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) responses to eccentric exercise in elderly subjects were enhanced to levels comparable with those of young subjects by fish oil or vitamin E supplements. However, although vitamin C supplementation may diminish the risk of contracting an infection after strenuous exercise, it is not obvious that this effect is linked to an effect of vitamin C on exercise-induced immune changes. In conclusion, it is premature to make recommendations regarding nutritional supplementation to avoid post-exercise impairment of the immune system. Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1999 Exercise nationallicence Training nationallicence Immune function nationallicence Lymphocytes nationallicence Pedersen Bente Klarlund The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark Bruunsgaard Helle The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark Jensen Marianne The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark Krzywkowski Karen The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark Ostrowski Kenneth The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Cambridge University Press 58/3(1999-08), 733-742 0029-6651 58:3<733 1999 58 PNS https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665199000968 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 conference jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665199000968 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pedersen Bente Klarlund The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bruunsgaard Helle The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jensen Marianne The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Krzywkowski Karen The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ostrowski Kenneth The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Cambridge University Press 58/3(1999-08), 733-742 0029-6651 58:3<733 1999 58 PNS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge