caa a22 4500 388096802 CHVBK 20180307125306.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199902 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1079/PNS19990005 doi S0029665199000075 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1079/PNS19990005 New techniques in nutritional assessment: Body composition methods [Elektronische Daten] New techniques in air-displacement plethysmography seem to have overcome many of the previous problems of poor reproducibility and validity. These have made body-density measurements available to a larger range of individuals, including children, elderly and sick patients who often have difficulties in being submerged underwater in hydrodensitometry systems. The BOD POD air-displacement system (BOD POD body composition system; Life Measurement Instruments, Concord, CA, USA) is more precise than hydrodensitometry, is simple and rapid to operate (approximately 1 min measurements) and the results agree closely with those of hydrodensitometry (e.g. ± 3.4 % for estimation of body fat). Body line scanners employing the principles of three-dimensional photography are potentially able to measure the surface area and volume of the body and its segments even more rapidly (approximately 10s), but the validity of the measurements needs to be established. Advances in i.r. spectroscopy and mathematical modelling for calculating the area under the curve have improved precision for measuring enrichment of 2H2O in studies of water dilution (CV 0.1-0.9 % within the range of 400-1000 μl/1) in saliva, plasma and urine. The technique is rapid and compares closely with mass spectrometry (bias 1 (SD 2) %). Advances in bedside bioelectrical-impedance techniques are making possible potential measurements of skinfold thicknesses and limb muscle mass electronically. Preliminary results suggest that the electronic method is more reproducible (intra- and inter-individual reproducibility for measuring skinfold thicknesses) and associated with less bias (+ 12 %), than anthropometry (+40%). In addition to these selected examples, the ‘mobility' or transfer of reference methods between centres has made the distinction between reference and bedside or field techniques less distinct than in the past. Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1999 Body-composition techniques nationallicence Air-displacement plethysmography nationallicence Body-volume techniques nationallicence Bioelectrical-impedance techniques nationallicence Body-water measurement nationallicence Elia M. Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2DH, UK Ward L. C. Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Cambridge University Press 58/1(1999-02), 33-38 0029-6651 58:1<33 1999 58 PNS https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS19990005 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 conference jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS19990005 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Elia M. Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2DH, UK NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ward L. C. Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Cambridge University Press 58/1(1999-02), 33-38 0029-6651 58:1<33 1999 58 PNS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge