caa a22 4500 388097248 CHVBK 20180307125307.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199905 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0029665199000440 doi S0029665199000440 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0029665199000440 Virtamo Jarmo National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland Vitamins and lung cancer [Elektronische Daten] [Jarmo Virtamo] Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world, and smoking is the major risk factor, accounting for about 90% of the cases. Diet has also been implicated in the development of lung cancer, although the specific nutrients remain to be elucidated. Vitamins with antioxidant activity have received much attention. β-Carotene, the most efficient provitamin A, was found to be inversely related to the risk of lung cancer in many prospective epidemiological studies, especially in studies measuring serum concentrations of β-carotene. The findings from controlled trials, however, contradict the hypothesis that β-carotene could prevent lung cancer, but rather suggest increased risk of lung cancer with supplementary β-carotene. Data from both prospective studies and a controlled trial suggest no role for vitamin E in lung carcinogenesis. Some prospective epidemiological studies suggest an inverse relationship between dietary vitamin C and the risk of lung cancer, but due to the high correlation between dietary vitamin C and vegetable and fruit intake the independent role of dietary vitamin C is difficult to estimate. Studies using prediagnostic plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid do not support the involvement of vitamin C in lung carcinogenesis, and no controlled trials of vitamin C on lung cancer have been published. Thus, supplementation with antioxidant vitamins cannot be recommended for the prevention of lung cancer. Non-smoking is the most important target in the prevention of lung cancer. High i ntakes of vegetables and fruits may provide additional protection and are unlikely to be harmful. Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1999 Lung cancer nationallicence Antioxidants nationallicence β-Carotene nationallicence Vitamin E nationallicence Vitamin C nationallicence Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Cambridge University Press 58/2(1999-05), 329-333 0029-6651 58:2<329 1999 58 PNS https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665199000440 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 conference jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665199000440 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Virtamo Jarmo National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Cambridge University Press 58/2(1999-05), 329-333 0029-6651 58:2<329 1999 58 PNS CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge