caa a22 4500 388100451 CHVBK 20180307125318.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130s1999 xx s 000 0 eng 10.2307/3116182 doi S0007680500073918 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.2307/3116182 Godley Andrew C. ANDREW C. GODLEY is a lecturer in the Department of Economics at the University of Reading. Pioneering Foreign Direct Investment in British Manufacturing [Elektronische Daten] [Andrew C. Godley] This article analyzes all known cases of foreign direct investment in British manufacturing prior to 1890. From 1890 onwards the bulk of foreign entrants were industrial goods producers. Before 1890, the pioneering entrants were mostly consumer goods manufacturers. The article demonstrates that, with one monumental exception, these pioneers were narrowly focused, driven entirely by a concern about enhancing access to the British market. Typically they failed. The one exception was the Singer Manufacturing Company. This investment was of an entirely different nature. Singer's commitment was large and non-reversible from almost the very beginning, and was predicated on an awareness of the possibility of using Britain as an export platform. Its consequence was the emergence of Singer as the world's first modern multinational enterprise and as one of the world's largest firms by 1900. Copyright © The President and Fellows of Harvard College 1999 Business History Review Cambridge University Press 73/3(1999), 394-429 0007-6805 73:3<394 1999 73 BHR https://doi.org/10.2307/3116182 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.2307/3116182 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Godley Andrew C. ANDREW C. GODLEY is a lecturer in the Department of Economics at the University of Reading NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Business History Review Cambridge University Press 73/3(1999), 394-429 0007-6805 73:3<394 1999 73 BHR CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge