caa a22 4500 388101105 CHVBK 20180307125321.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161130e199902 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1017/S0020743800052958 doi S0020743800052958 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)cambridge-10.1017/S0020743800052958 Moore-Harell Alice Alice Moore-Harell is Lecturer in Middle East History at the University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel. The Turco-Egytian Army in Sudan on the Eve of the Mahdiyya, 1877-80 [Elektronische Daten] [Alice Moore-Harell] The causes for the mahdi's revolt in Sudan have been fully studied by modern historians and point to economic, social, religious, and administrative short-comings of the sixty-year Turco-Egyptian domination there. As for the timing, one must look attwo factors that together had a decisive influence. First, Egypt's financial difficulties subjected it to increasing European control and, consequently, to the deposition of the Khedive Ismacil in June 1879 and the appointment to the throne of his son Tawfiq, a puppet of the great European powers, thus damaging the prestige of Muhammad Ali's dynasty. Further, Cairo was preoccupied throughout 1880-82 by a confrontation between the government and the nationalist movement of the native Egyptian officers in the army, led by Ahmad Urabi, resulting among other things in the lack of a clear policy as regards Sudan. Second, there was the resignation in January 1880 of Colonel Charles Gordon, the governor-general of Sudan, who enjoyed wide political and economic autonomy, and the appointment of Muhammad Rauf Pasha, who was subordinated directly to the government in Cairo, as his successor in Khartoum. While Gordon, who had an energetic, enterprising, and authoritative personality, left Sudan in the midst of reforms in almost all fields, Muhammad Raʾuf Pasha had a different nature altogether. He was a mild and gentle ruler whose authority was narrowed by Cairo, where the political state of affairs was turning into chaos. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999 International Journal of Middle East Studies Cambridge University Press 31/1(1999-02), 19-37 0020-7438 31:1<19 1999 31 MES https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800052958 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800052958 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Moore-Harell Alice Alice Moore-Harell is Lecturer in Middle East History at the University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Middle East Studies Cambridge University Press 31/1(1999-02), 19-37 0020-7438 31:1<19 1999 31 MES CC0 http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-cambridge