caa a22 4500 397502419 CHVBK 20180308164535.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19950701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082730 doi 0144-8420 pii (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082730 Bouville (INVITED) A. INVITED The Chernobyl Accident [Elektronische Daten] [A. Bouville (INVITED)] The accident at Unit 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, which is located in Ukraine, about 30 km south of the border with Belarus, was the most severe in the nuclear industry. The accident, which occurred in April 1986, caused the rapid death of 31 power plant employees and firemen, mainly from acute radiation exposures and burns, and brought about the evacuation of 116,000 people within a few weeks. In addition, about half a million workers and four million members of the public have been exposed, to some extent, to radiation doses resulting from the Chernobyl accident. A large number of radiation measurements have been made since the accident in order to reconstruct the doses received by the most exposed populations. On the basis of currently available information, it appears that: (1) average doses received by clean-up workers from external irradiation decreased with time, being about 300 mGy for the persons who worked in the first three months after the accident, about 170 mGy for the remainder of 1986, 130 mGy in 1987, 30 mGy in 1988, and 15 mGy in 1989; (2) the evacuees received, before evacuation, effective doses averaging 11 mSv for the population of Pripyat, and 18 mSv for the remainder of the population of the 30 km zone, with maximum effective doses ranging up to 380 mSv; and (3) among the populations living in contaminated areas, the highest doses were those delivered to the thyroids of children. Thyroid doses derived from thyroid measurements among Belarussian and Ukrainian children indicate median thyroid doses of about 300 mGy, and more than 1% of the children and thyroid doses in excess of 5000 mGy. A description is provided of the epidemiological studies that the National Cancer Institute has, since 1990, at the request of the Department of Energy endeavoured to undertake, in cooperation with Belarus and Ukraine, on the two possible health effects resulting from the Chernobyl accident: (1) thyroid cancer in children living in contaminated areas during the first few weeks following the accident, and (2) leukaemia among workers involved in clean-up operations at the reactor site in 1986 and 1987. Radiation Protection Dosimetry Radiation Protection Dosimetry Oxford University Press 60/4(1995-07-01), 287-293 0144-8420 60:4<287 1995 60 rpd https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082730 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082730 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Bouville (INVITED) A. INVITED NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Radiation Protection Dosimetry Oxford University Press 60/4(1995-07-01), 287-293 0144-8420 60:4<287 1995 60 rpd Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford