caa a22 4500 397519958 CHVBK 20180308164629.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e199512 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/heapol/10.4.431 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/heapol/10.4.431 Risk assessment and health effects of pesticides used in tobacco farming in Malaysia [Elektronische Daten] [JE CORNWALL, ML FORD, TS LIYANAGE, D WIN KYI DAW] Pesticide poisoning is a global health problem to which tobacco farmers are at risk because of the need for frequent application of pesticide to this insect-prone crop. A cross-sectional, descriptive study of 103 tobacco workers from 50 family farm units in Kelantan, Malaysia, aimed to determine pesticides used, the factors influencing exposure of tobacco farmers to pesticides and the frequency of poisoning among tobacco farmers. Questionnaire, observation and focus group discussions were used to collect data. The organophosphate (OP) methamidophos, WHO Toxicity Class 1B Hazardous, was used on 96% of farms and was always applied using knapsack sprayers. Twenty-two of 48 knapsack sprayers observed in use were leaking. Training for farmers in pesticide use was minimal, storage and labelling of pesticide containers did not comply with WHO standards, and observed use of protective clothing was significantly less than that reported by farm workers. One-third of workers had two or more symptoms consistent with pesticide toxicity. It was concluded that an improvement in worker education was necessary. © Oxford University Press Research reports nationallicence CORNWALL JE Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia aut FORD ML Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia aut LIYANAGE TS Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia aut DAW D WIN KYI Dept of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu, Malaysia aut Health Policy and Planning Oxford University Press 10/4(1995-12), 431-437 0268-1080 10:4<431 1995 10 heapol https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/10.4.431 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 other jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/10.4.431 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- CORNWALL JE Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- FORD ML Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- LIYANAGE TS Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- DAW D WIN KYI Dept of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Health Policy and Planning Oxford University Press 10/4(1995-12), 431-437 0268-1080 10:4<431 1995 10 heapol Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford