caa a22 4500 397546823 CHVBK 20180308164740.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19961101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/aesa/89.6.843 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/aesa/89.6.843 Seasonal Occurrence of the Herbivore Trirhabda geminata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Encelia farinosa in Southern California [Elektronische Daten] [James A. Bethke, Richard A. Redak] The seasonal distribution of Trirhabda geminata Horn, the dominant herbivore of brittle brush, Encelia farinosa Gray, was monitored in California coastal sage scrub. Larval emergence coincided with the 1st precipitation of the growing season and the development of young host-plant foliage. Larvae were present from December through April; 3 instars were detected. Pupation occurs in the upper 5 cm of the soil immediately underneath host plants. Adults were present from early March through mid-June. The number of adults exhibiting mating behaviors (mate selection, copulation, mate guarding) was at a maximum in April. Larval T. geminata are parasitized by the tachinid fly Chaetonodexodes vanderwulpi (Town-send) with parasitism rates ranging from 3.4 to 34.9% for the 2 yr of study. The presence of a summer quiescence period and the apparent lack of a diapause period is discussed for this species. © 1996 Entomological Society of America Ecology and Population Biology nationallicence Coleoptera nationallicence Encelia farinosa nationallicence Trirhabda geminata nationallicence dormancy nationallicence cue nationallicence Bethke James A. Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 aut Redak Richard A. Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 aut Annals of the Entomological Society of America Oxford University Press 89/6(1996-11-01), 843-848 0013-8746 89:6<843 1996 89 aesa https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/89.6.843 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/89.6.843 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bethke James A. Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Redak Richard A. Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Annals of the Entomological Society of America Oxford University Press 89/6(1996-11-01), 843-848 0013-8746 89:6<843 1996 89 aesa Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford