caa a22 4500 397559941 CHVBK 20180308164813.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19960605xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/jnci/88.11.727 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/jnci/88.11.727 Increase in Testicular Cancer Incidence in Six European Countries: a Birth Cohort Phenomenon [Elektronische Daten] [Reinhold Bergström, Hans-Olov Adami, Matthias Möhner, Witold Zatonski, Hans Storm, Anders Ekbom, Steinar Tretli, Lyly Teppo, Olof Akre, Timo Hakulinen] Background: For unknown reasons, the age-standardized incidence of testicular cancer has shown a rapid increase in virtually all countries (mostly Western) studied. For populations with a sufficiently long period of cancer registration, this development can be traced back to the first half of this century. Purpose: By evaluating data from six countries with long periods of cancer registration (Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the former German Democratic Republic [East Germany], Finland, and Poland), we sought to determine whether the increase in testicular cancer risk follows a birth cohort pattern and, if so, to quantify and compare any birth cohort effects. Methods: A total of 30 908 incident cases of testicular cancer, diagnosed from 1945 through 1989 in men who were 20-84 years of age, were identified in population-based cancer registries in the six countries. In addition to performing simple trend analyses, we fitted several Poisson regression models (with the explanatory variables age, time period [calendar time], and birth cohort) to the data. Individual models were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Results: The age-standardized incidence of testicular cancer was found to vary among the six populations and, on the basis of total registration data, increased annually at rates ranging from 2.3% (in Sweden) to 5.2% (in East Germany). A comparison of several regression models indicated that birth cohort was a stronger determinant of testicular cancer risk than was calendar time for all six populations. Within each population, little variation in testicular cancer risk was observed for men born between 1880 and 1920; thereafter, the risk began to increase. Among men born in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden between 1930 and 1945 (the period encompassing the Second World War), the increasing trend in risk was interrupted (i.e., a leveling in risk occurred). After 1945, an uninterrupted increase in risk was observed for all six populations. With men born around 1905 as the reference group, the relative risk of testicular cancer for those born around 1965 varied from 3.9 (95% confidence interval [Cl] = 2.7-5.6) in Sweden to 11.4 (95% Cl = 8.3-15.5) in East Germany. Conclusions and Implications: The increasing trend in testicular cancer risk observed for these six populations follows a birth cohort pattern. This distinct risk pattern provides a framework for the identification of specific etiologic factors. © Oxford University Press ARTICLES nationallicence Bergström Reinhold Departments of Cancer Epidemiology and Statistics, Uppsala University Sweden aut Adami Hans-Olov Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Uppsala University and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston aut Möhner Matthias Institute of Epidemiology, GSF Research Centre Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany aut Zatonski Witold Cancer Control and Epidemiology Department Warsaw, Poland aut Storm Hans Danish Cancer Registry Copenhagen, Denmark aut Ekbom Anders Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Uppsala University and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston aut Tretli Steinar Norwegian Cancer Registry Oslo, Norway aut Teppo Lyly Finnish Cancer Registry Helsinki. Finland aut Akre Olof Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Uppsala University Sweden aut Hakulinen Timo Unit of Cancer Epidemiology. Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden aut JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute Oxford University Press 88/11(1996-06-05), 727-733 0027-8874 88:11<727 1996 88 jnci https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.11.727 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.11.727 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bergström Reinhold Departments of Cancer Epidemiology and Statistics, Uppsala University Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Adami Hans-Olov Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Uppsala University and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Möhner Matthias Institute of Epidemiology, GSF Research Centre Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zatonski Witold Cancer Control and Epidemiology Department Warsaw, Poland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Storm Hans Danish Cancer Registry Copenhagen, Denmark aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ekbom Anders Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Uppsala University and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tretli Steinar Norwegian Cancer Registry Oslo, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Teppo Lyly Finnish Cancer Registry Helsinki. Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Akre Olof Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Uppsala University Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hakulinen Timo Unit of Cancer Epidemiology. Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute Oxford University Press 88/11(1996-06-05), 727-733 0027-8874 88:11<727 1996 88 jnci Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford