caa a22 4500 397568754 CHVBK 20180308164835.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e199607 xx s 000 0 eng 10.3382/ps.0750924 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.3382/ps.0750924 Low Temperature Effects on Embryonic Development and Hatch Time [Elektronische Daten] [M. E. SUAREZ, H. R. WILSON, B. N. MCPHERSON, F. B. MATHER, C. J. WILCOX] A series of experiments was conducted to estimate phenotypic correlations between incubation characteristics, and to evaluate the effects of cold stress and genotype during incubation on chick weight, egg weight loss, hatching time, and embryonic mortality. Eggs were cooled at 18 or 24 C, for 12, 24, 36, 48, or 72 h beginning on Day 8, 12, 14, 16, or 18 of incubation. Other eggs were cooled intermittently for 6 h every 48 h or 12 h every 96 h. A control group in each experiment was not cold stressed. Results indicated a low and negative correlation between hatching time and chick weight, and a low and positive correlation between hatching time and weight loss from transfer to hatching when variability due to egg weight was removed. Chick weights at hatching were lower in chicks from cooled eggs than those of chicks from eggs incubated under normal temperature. The chicks from cooled eggs were more susceptible to dehydration during holding in the hatcher. Incubation times were delayed approximately as long as the times of embryonic cooling. Embryonic mortality was significantly increased under continuous (single period) cold stress, but not under intermittent cooling (6 h every 48 h). Significant genotype by environment interactions were found in the response of embryos of various strains to cold stress. Exposure for 36 h or longer had detrimental effects on chick weight and embryo viability, but these effects were modified by interactions among the factors involved. The results indicated that embryos from cooled eggs lose more weight during incubation and that the neonatal chicks are more susceptible to dehydration during holding time, and have a longer incubation period, and a greater embryonic mortality. © 1996 Poultry Science Association, Inc. Physiology and Reproduction nationallicence cold stress nationallicence embryo weight nationallicence embryonic mortality nationallicence incubation time nationallicence genotype nationallicence SUAREZ M. E. Programa de Ganaderia, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Estado de Mexico, 56230, Mexico, aut WILSON H. R. Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and aut MCPHERSON B. N. Arbor Acres Farm, Inc., Glastonbury, Connecticut 06033 aut MATHER F. B. Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and aut WILCOX C. J. Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and aut Poultry Science Oxford University Press 75/7(1996-07), 924-932 0032-5791 75:7<924 1996 75 ps https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0750924 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0750924 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- SUAREZ M. E. Programa de Ganaderia, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Estado de Mexico, 56230, Mexico aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- WILSON H. R. Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- MCPHERSON B. N. Arbor Acres Farm, Inc., Glastonbury, Connecticut 06033 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- MATHER F. B. Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- WILCOX C. J. Dairy and Poultry Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Poultry Science Oxford University Press 75/7(1996-07), 924-932 0032-5791 75:7<924 1996 75 ps Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford