caa a22 4500 397570643 CHVBK 20180308164840.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19961201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/ee/25.6.1406 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/ee/25.6.1406 Augmentation of the Egg Parasitoid Anaphes iole (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) for Lygus hesperus (Heteroptera:Miridae) Management in Strawberries [Elektronische Daten] [Andrew P. Norton, Stephen C. Welter] The impact of repeated releases of Anaphes iole (Girault) on the development of Lygus hesperus Knight populations and fruit damage in commercial strawberry fields was evaluated. Following the release of 37,000 parasitoids per hectare, 50% of L. hesperus eggs were parasitized. Parasitism levels declined rapidly; after 96 h, parasitism levels had declined to an average of only 3.5% in these plots. A release rate of 12,300 parasitoids per hectare produced parasitism levels of 6.3 and 7.0% 48 and 96 h after release, respectively. The high release rate of the parasitoids resulted in a 43% reduction in the number of L. hesperus nymphs and a 22% reduction in the amount of fruit damage. The low release rate responded in a comparable fashion, with nymph and damage levels 19 and 14% lower than control plots, respectively. The effect of the parasitoid releases on L. hesperus populations increased through time. On average, there was a proportionally greater reduction in nymph densities in the higher release rate plots during the latter half of the season. In all the plots, there was a significant relationship between the number of L. hesperus nymphs found in the plot and the amount of fruit damage. The significance of these results to management of L. hesperus in strawberries is discussed. © 1996 Entomological Society of America Biological Control nationallicence Lygus hesperus nationallicence Anaphes iole nationallicence bio]ogical control nationallicence augmentation nationallicence strawberry nationallicence fragaria nationallicence Norton Andrew P. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 aut Welter Stephen C. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 aut Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/6(1996-12-01), 1406-1414 0046-225X 25:6<1406 1996 25 ee https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.6.1406 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.6.1406 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Norton Andrew P. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Welter Stephen C. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/6(1996-12-01), 1406-1414 0046-225X 25:6<1406 1996 25 ee Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford