caa a22 4500 397570996 CHVBK 20180308164841.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19960401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/ee/25.2.465 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/ee/25.2.465 Anatomic Site of Application of Ice-Nucleating Active Bacteria Affects Supercooling in the Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) [Elektronische Daten] [Richard E. Lee, Kira A. Steigerwald, Jeffrey A. Wyman, Jon P. Costanzo, Marcia R. Lee] Most overwintering insects do not survive internal freezing and must avoid low temperatures or enhance the capacity of their body fluids to supercool to survive low temperature exposure. Recent reports have demonstrated that the application of ice-nucleating active microorganisms markedly diminishes supercooling. Topical application of as little as 20 ppm of a suspension of a freeze-dried preparation of the ice-nucleating active bacterium Pseudomonas syringae van Hall was sufficient to elevate the mean supercooling point of the overwintering adults of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), from −8.7 to −4.7°C. Previous reports have demonstrated that topical application of these biological ice nucleators to insects whose mouths have been sealed still reduces supercooling capacity; however, the anatomical route by which these agents make contact with body water is unclear. Application of the P. syringae suspension to the ventral abdomen did not significantly increase the supercooling point (−5.5°C) compared with beetles treated with the non-ice-nucleating active (control) bacterium Escherichia coli (Migula). However, application of the ice-nucleating agent to the thoracic spiracle, ventral cervix, or abdominal spiracle elevated supercooling point values above those of beetles treated on the ventral abdomen. These data are instructive in the development of methods for the use of ice-nucleating active microorganisms for the biological control of overwintering pests. © 1996 Entomological Society of America Physiological and Chemical Ecology nationallicence Leptinotarsa decemlineata nationallicence supercooling capacity nationallicence insect cold-hardiness nationallicence ice-nucleating active nationallicence Lee Richard E. Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut Steigerwald Kira A. Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut Wyman Jeffrey A. Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1631 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706 aut Costanzo Jon P. Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut Lee Marcia R. Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/2(1996-04-01), 465-469 0046-225X 25:2<465 1996 25 ee https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.2.465 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.2.465 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Richard E. Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Steigerwald Kira A. Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wyman Jeffrey A. Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1631 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Costanzo Jon P. Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Marcia R. Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/2(1996-04-01), 465-469 0046-225X 25:2<465 1996 25 ee Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford