caa a22 4500 397571860 CHVBK 20180308164843.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19960201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/ee/25.1.147 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/ee/25.1.147 Nonlinear Temperature-Dependent Development of Autumnal Moth Pupae, Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) [Elektronische Daten] [Nancy A. Peterson, Arne C. Nilssen] In eclosion experiments, temperature-dependent development of Epirrita autumnata (Borkhausen) pupae was described using data from constant temperatures. Variation in developmental rates across temperatures was modeled using both linear and nonlinear formulas. Adequacy of description indicated best applicability of a nonlinear, 3-parameter developmental model. The unexplained variation was caused by large individual variation. Extreme temperatures (<6 and> 18°C) led to delayed eclosion and high mortality, with ≈13°C being the optimum. Exposing pupae to varying amounts and periods of cold did not enhance the rate of development, indicating no pupal diapause occurs. Nor did light significantly affect the pupal period. Predicted eclosion in nature was calculated by application of the nonlinear model using outdoor temperatures. Predicted eclosion coincided with outdoor emergence, showing that the model alone adequately predicted eclosion. Both years had a predicted pupal period of 64 d, despite a difference in mean temperature of 1.84°C. © 1996 Entomological Society of America Physiological and Chemical Ecology nationallicence Epirrita autumnata nationallicence pupae nationallicence temperature effects nationallicence developmental rates nationallicence modeling nationallicence Peterson Nancy A. Department of Ecology/Zoology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; and Tromsø Museum, University of Tromsø, N-9006 Tromsø, Norway aut Nilssen Arne C. Department of Ecology/Zoology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; and Tromsø Museum, University of Tromsø, N-9006 Tromsø, Norway aut Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/1(1996-02-01), 147-154 0046-225X 25:1<147 1996 25 ee https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.1.147 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.1.147 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Peterson Nancy A. Department of Ecology/Zoology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; and Tromsø Museum, University of Tromsø, N-9006 Tromsø, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nilssen Arne C. Department of Ecology/Zoology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; and Tromsø Museum, University of Tromsø, N-9006 Tromsø, Norway aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/1(1996-02-01), 147-154 0046-225X 25:1<147 1996 25 ee Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford