caa a22 4500 397571887 CHVBK 20180308164843.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e19960201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/ee/25.1.120 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/ee/25.1.120 Behavioral Responses of the Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) to Selected Insecticides in Contact and Noncontact Environments [Elektronische Daten] [M. D. Zyzak, R. L. Byford, M. E. Craig, J. A. Lockwood] Pyrethroid resistant and susceptible populations of horn flies were exposed to several insecticides including 3 pyrethroids, 2 organophosphates, 1 carbamate, DDT, and 3 synergist combinations. Horn flies were exposed to log-dose concentrations ranging from 5 × 10−6 to 5 × 10° mg/cm2 in both contact (irritancy) and noncontact (repellency) environments. This is the 1st clarification of the mechanisms of stimulus-dependent behavioral resistance in horn flies; the data demonstrate the existence of both irritancy and repellency. Significant differences in flight responses were observed between populations, indicating hypersensitivity of resistant flies in both contact and noncontact environments for several compounds. Resistant horn flies had lower sensitivity thresholds for permethrin, fenvalerate, pirimiphos-methyl, DDT, and fenvalerate with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) when compared with susceptible flies in the contact environment. Lower sensitivity thresholds for resistant horn flies were also observed for permethrin, diazinon, and diazinon-PBO in the noncontact environment. In addition, the flight response curve for the pyrethroid resistant population increased for all compounds in the contact environment and most compounds in the noncontact environment, whereas the response curve remained constant or decreased in the pyrethroid susceptible population. The increased irritability and repellency seen with the addition of the synergist in a resistant population exhibiting knockdown (physiological) resistance suggests that nongenera1ized intoxication may be the sensory mechanism by which behavioral resistance occurs. © 1996 Entomological Society of America Physiological and Chemical Ecology nationallicence Haematobia irritans nationallicence behavioral resistance nationallicence repellency nationallicence insecticides nationallicence Zyzak M. D. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut Byford R. L. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut Craig M. E. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut Lockwood J. A. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/1(1996-02-01), 120-129 0046-225X 25:1<120 1996 25 ee https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.1.120 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/25.1.120 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zyzak M. D. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Byford R. L. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Craig M. E. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lockwood J. A. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Entomology Oxford University Press 25/1(1996-02-01), 120-129 0046-225X 25:1<120 1996 25 ee Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford