caa a22 4500 397581769 CHVBK 20180308164909.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e199601 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/cercor/6.1.71 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/cercor/6.1.71 Novelty and Familiarity Activations in PET Studies of Memory Encoding and Retrieval [Elektronische Daten] [Endel Tulving, Hans J. Markowitsch, Fergus I. M. Craik, Reza Habib, Sylvain Houle] Nine young right-handed men viewed colored pictures of people, scenes, and landscapes. Then, 24 hr later while undergoing PET scanning, they viewed previously studied (OLD) pictures in one type of scan, and previously not seen (NEW) pictures in another. The OLD-NEW subtraction of PET images indicates familiarity, and the NEW-OLD indicates novelty. Familiarity activations, signalling aspects of retrieval, were observed in the left and right frontal areas, and posterior regions bilaterally. Novelty activations were in the right limbic regions, and bilaterally in temporal and parietal regions, including area 37. These latter activations were located similarly to novelty activations in previous PET studies using visual words and auditory sentences, suggesting the existence of brain regions specializing in transmodal novelty assessment The effects of novelty are seen both be haviorally and in replicable patterns of cortical and subcortical activation. We propose a "novelty/encoding hypothesis”: (1) novelty assessment represents an early stage of long-term memory encoding; (2) elaborate, meaning-based encoding processes operate on the in coming information to the extent of its novelty, and therefore (3) the probability of long-term storage of information vanes directly with the novelty of the information. © 1996 Oxford University Press Articles nationallicence Tulving Endel Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care North York, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada aut Markowitsch Hans J. Psysiological Psychology University of Bielefeld Bielefeld, Germany aut Craik Fergus I. M. Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care North York, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada aut Habib Reza Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care North York, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada aut Houle Sylvain Positron Emission Tomography Centre, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada aut Cerebral Cortex Oxford University Press 6/1(1996-01), 71-79 1047-3211 6:1<71 1996 6 cercor https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/6.1.71 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/6.1.71 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tulving Endel Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care North York, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Markowitsch Hans J. Psysiological Psychology University of Bielefeld Bielefeld, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Craik Fergus I. M. Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care North York, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Habib Reza Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care North York, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Houle Sylvain Positron Emission Tomography Centre, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cerebral Cortex Oxford University Press 6/1(1996-01), 71-79 1047-3211 6:1<71 1996 6 cercor Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford