caa a22 4500 397591241 CHVBK 20180308164939.0 cr unu---uuuuu 161202e199601 xx s 000 0 eng 10.1093/jac/37.1.117 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)oxford-10.1093/jac/37.1.117 In-vitro activity of levofloxacin against clinical isolates of Legionella spp, its pharmacokinetics in guinea pigs, and use in experimental Legionella pneumophila pneumonia [Elektronische Daten] [Paul H. Edelstein, Martha A. C. Edelstein, K. H. Lehr, Jianjun Ren] The activities of levofloxacin and ofloxacin against 22 clinical legionella isolates was determined by microbroth dilution susceptibility testing. Growth inhibition of two Legionella pneumophila strains grown in guinea pig alveolar macrophages by levofloxacin, ofloxacin, or erythromycin was also determined. The drug concentrations required to inhibit 90% of strains tested was 0.032 mg/L for levofloxacin or ofloxacin, and was 0.O16mg/L for ciprofloxacin. BYEα broth significantly inhibited the activities of all three drugs tested, as judged by the susceptibility of control Eschierichia coli strains. Levofloxacin (0.25 mg/L) reduced bacterial counts of two L. pneumophila strains grown in guinea pig alveolar macrophages by 1 log10 but regrowth occurred over a 3 day period; levofloxacin (1 mg/L) reduced bacterial counts by 2-3 log10 cfu/mL. Levofloxacin was significantly more active than erythromycin, and as active as ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin in this assay. Pharmacokinetic and therapy studies of levofloxacin and ofloxacin were performed in guinea pigs with L. pneumnophila pneumonia. For the pharmacokinetic study, levofloxacin was given (10 mg/kg) by the intraperitoneal route to infected guinea pigs; mean peak plasma and lung concentrations were 3.4 mg/L and 1 4 μg/g, respectively, at 0.5 h and 2.6 mg/L and 0.6 μg/g at 1 h. The terminal half-life phase of elimination from plasma and lung was c. I h. All 15 infected guinea pigs treated with levofloxacin (10 mg/kg/day given ip once daily) for 5 days survived for 9 days after antimicrobial therapy, as did all 14 guinea pigs treated with the same dose of ofloxacin. None of 13 animals treated with saline survived. Levofloxacin is effective against L. pneumiophila in vitro and in a guinea pig model of legionnaire's disease. Levofloxacin should be evaluated as a treatment of human legionnaires' disease. © 1996 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Original articles nationallicence Edelstein Paul H. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA aut Edelstein Martha A. C. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA aut Lehr K. H. Department of Corporate Kinetics and Metabolism Hoechst AG, Frankfurt 65926, Germany aut Ren Jianjun Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA aut Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Oxford University Press 37/1(1996-01), 117-126 0305-7453 37:1<117 1996 37 jac https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/37.1.117 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/37.1.117 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Edelstein Paul H. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Edelstein Martha A. C. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lehr K. H. Department of Corporate Kinetics and Metabolism Hoechst AG, Frankfurt 65926, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ren Jianjun Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Oxford University Press 37/1(1996-01), 117-126 0305-7453 37:1<117 1996 37 jac Metadata rights reserved CC BY-NC-4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-oxford