caa a22 4500 445298367 CHVBK 20180317142549.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20100701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s12013-010-9079-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s12013-010-9079-y Homocysteine to Hydrogen Sulfide or Hypertension [Elektronische Daten] [Utpal Sen, Paras Mishra, Neetu Tyagi, Suresh Tyagi] Hyperhomocysteinemia, an increased level of plasma homocysteine, is an independent risk factor for the development of premature arterial fibrosis with peripheral and cerebro-vascular, neurogenic and hypertensive heart disease, coronary occlusion and myocardial infarction, as well as venous thromboembolism. It is reported that hyperhomocysteinemia causes vascular dysfunction by two major routes: (1) increasing blood pressure and, (2) impairing the vasorelaxation activity of endothelial-derived nitric oxide. The homocysteine activates metalloproteinases and induces collagen synthesis and causes imbalances of elastin/collagen ratio which compromise vascular elastance. The metabolites from hyperhomocysteinemic endothelium could modify components of the underlying muscle cells, leading to vascular dysfunction and hypertension. Homocysteine metabolizes in the body to produce H2S, which is a strong antioxidant and vasorelaxation factor. At an elevated level, homocysteine inactivates proteins by homocysteinylation including its endogenous metabolizing enzyme, cystathionine γ-lyase. Thus, reduced production of H2S during hyperhomocysteinemia exemplifies hypertension and vascular diseases. In light of the present information, this review focuses on the mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia-associated hypertension and highlights the novel modulatory role of H2S to ameliorate hypertension. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 Homocysteine nationallicence Hypertension nationallicence Hydrogen sulfide nationallicence Vascular remodeling nationallicence AT1 : Angiotensin type 1 nationallicence CBS : Cystathionine-β synthase nationallicence CSE : Cystathionine-γ lyase nationallicence CTGF : Connective tissue growth factor nationallicence ECM : Extracellular matrix nationallicence H2S : Hydrogen sulfide nationallicence MMP : Matrix metalloproteinase nationallicence NO : Nitric oxide nationallicence NOS : Nitric oxide synthase nationallicence O2●− : Superoxide nationallicence ROS : Reactive oxygen species nationallicence TIMP : Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase nationallicence VSMC : Vascular smooth muscle cell nationallicence Sen Utpal Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut Mishra Paras Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut Tyagi Neetu Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut Tyagi Suresh Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics Humana Press Inc 57/2-3(2010-07-01), 49-58 1085-9195 57:2-3<49 2010 57 12013 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-010-9079-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-010-9079-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sen Utpal Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mishra Paras Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tyagi Neetu Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tyagi Suresh Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 South Preston Street, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics Humana Press Inc 57/2-3(2010-07-01), 49-58 1085-9195 57:2-3<49 2010 57 12013 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer